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The success of DNN pruning has led to the development of energy-efficient inference accelerators that support pruned models with sparse weight and activation tensors. Because the memory layouts and dataflows in these architectures are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Dingqing Yang , Amin Ghasemazar , Xiaowei Ren , Maximilian Golub , Guy Lemieux , Mieszko Lis

Current AI training infrastructure is dominated by single instruction multiple data (SIMD) and systolic array architectures, such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), that excel at accelerating parallel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Jan Finkbeiner , Thomas Gmeinder , Mark Pupilli , Alexander Titterton , Emre Neftci

The increasing complexity and energy demands of deep learning models have highlighted the limitations of traditional computing architectures, especially for edge devices with constrained resources. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Wei-Ting Chen

Due to amount of data involved in emerging deep learning and big data applications, operations related to data movement have quickly become the bottleneck. Data-centric computing (DCC), as enabled by processing-in-memory (PIM) and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Kamil Khan , Sudeep Pasricha , Ryan Gary Kim

Resistive Random-Access-Memory (ReRAM) crossbar is a promising technique for deep neural network (DNN) accelerators, thanks to its in-memory and in-situ analog computing abilities for Vector-Matrix Multiplication-and-Accumulations (VMMs).…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Fangxin Liu , Wenbo Zhao , Yilong Zhao , Zongwu Wang , Tao Yang , Zhezhi He , Naifeng Jing , Xiaoyao Liang , Li Jiang

Processing-in-memory (PIM) is a promising computing paradigm to tackle the "memory wall" challenge. However, PIM system-level benefits over traditional von Neumann architecture can be reduced when the memory array cannot fully store all the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Peilin Chen , Xiaoxuan Yang

Computing-in-memory (CIM) architectures demonstrate superior performance over traditional architectures. To unleash the potential of CIM accelerators, many compilation methods have been proposed, focusing on application scheduling…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Shixin Zhao , Yuming Li , Bing Li , Yintao He , Mengdi Wang , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

The demand for efficient processing of deep neural networks (DNNs) on embedded devices is a significant challenge limiting their deployment. Exploiting sparsity in the network's feature maps is one of the ways to reduce its inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Matteo Grimaldi , Darshan C. Ganji , Ivan Lazarevich , Sudhakar Sah

Poor DRAM technology scaling over the course of many years has caused DRAM-based main memory to increasingly become a larger system bottleneck. A major reason for the bottleneck is that data stored within DRAM must be moved across a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Saugata Ghose , Kevin Hsieh , Amirali Boroumand , Rachata Ausavarungnirun , Onur Mutlu

Executing machine learning workloads locally on resource constrained microcontrollers (MCUs) promises to drastically expand the application space of IoT. However, so-called TinyML presents severe technical challenges, as deep neural network…

Running multiple deep neural networks (DNNs) in parallel has become an emerging workload in both edge devices, such as mobile phones where multiple tasks serve a single user for daily activities, and data centers, where various requests are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Hongxiang Fan , Stylianos I. Venieris , Alexandros Kouris , Nicholas D. Lane

Processing-in-memory (PIM) has emerged as an enabler for the energy-efficient and high-performance acceleration of deep learning (DL) workloads. Resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) is one of the most promising technologies to implement…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Harsh Sharma , Gaurav Narang , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Umit Ogras , Partha Pratim Pande

Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures aim to reduce costly data transfers by performing arithmetic and logic operations in memory and hence relieve the pressure due to the memory wall. However, determining whether a given workload can…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Di Gao , Dayane Reis , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Cheng Zhuo

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is increasingly popular to automatically explore the accuracy versus computational complexity trade-off of Deep Learning (DL) architectures. When targeting tiny edge devices, the main challenge for DL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Matteo Risso , Alessio Burrello , Luca Benini , Enrico Macii , Massimo Poncino , Daniele Jahier Pagliari

Many modern workloads such as neural network inference and graph processing are fundamentally memory-bound. For such workloads, data movement between memory and CPU cores imposes a significant overhead in terms of both latency and energy. A…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Ivan Fernandez , Christina Giannoula , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Onur Mutlu

Intelligent mobile agents (e.g., UGVs and UAVs) typically demand low power/energy consumption when solving their machine learning (ML)-based tasks, since they are usually powered by portable batteries with limited capacity. A potential…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Shafique

The performance and efficiency of running large-scale datasets on traditional computing systems exhibit critical bottlenecks due to the existing "power wall" and "memory wall" problems. To resolve those problems, processing-in-memory (PIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yinglin Zhao , Jianlei Yang , Bing Li , Xingzhou Cheng , Xucheng Ye , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Zhaohao Wang , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

Sparse deep learning has reduced computation significantly, but its irregular non-zero data distribution complicates the data flow and hinders data reuse, increasing on-chip SRAM access and thus power consumption of the chip. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Kai-Chieh Hsu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been deployed in myriad machine learning applications. However, advances in their accuracy are often achieved with increasingly complex and deep network architectures. These large, deep models are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Wenhan Xia , Hongxu Yin , Niraj K. Jha

We introduce $\textit{sorted weight sectioning}$ (SWS): a weight allocation algorithm that places sorted deep neural network (DNN) weight sections on bit-sliced compute-in-memory (CIM) crossbars to reduce analog-to-digital converter (ADC)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Matheus Farias , H. T. Kung