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We present an observational and numerical study of the borderline hyperbolic comet C/2021 O3 (PANSTARRS) performed during its recent passage through the inner Solar system. Our observations were carried out at OASI and SOAR between 2021…

Long-period comets are planetesimal remnants constraining the environment and volatiles of the protoplanetary disc. We report the discovery of hyperbolic long-period comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF), which has a perihelion $\sim$1.11 au, an…

The discovery of the second interstellar object 2I/Borisov on 2019 August 30 raises the question of whether it was ejected recently from a nearby stellar system. Here we compute the asymptotic incoming trajectory of 2I/Borisov, based on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Coryn A. L. Bailer-Jones , Davide Farnocchia , Quanzhi Ye , Karen J. Meech , Marco Micheli

Imminent impactors are natural bodies discovered in space before impacting the Earth. They provide a rare opportunity to characterize individual near-Earth objects (NEOs) in great detail as asteroids in space, meteors in Earth's atmosphere…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Ian Chow , Mario Jurić , R. Lynne Jones , Kathleen Kiker , Joachim Moeyens , Peter G. Brown , Aren N. Heinze , Jacob A. Kurlander

Context: Increasingly, Oort Cloud comets are being discovered at great distances from the Sun and tracked over ever wider ranges of heliocentric distances as observational equipment improves. Aims: To investigate in detail how the original…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-18 Małgorzata Królikowska , Luke Dones

In October 2017, the first interstellar object within our solar system was discovered. Today designated 1I/'Oumuamua, it shows characteristics that have never before been observed in a celestial body. Due to these characteristics, an…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Adam Hibberd , Andreas M. Hein , T. Marshall Eubanks

We observed near-Sun comet 323P/SOHO for the first time using ground and space telescopes. In late December 2020, the object was recovered at Subaru showing no cometary features on its way to perihelion. However, in our postperihelion…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-22 Man-To Hui , David J. Tholen , Rainer Kracht , Chan-Kao Chang , Paul A. Wiegert , Quan-Zhi Ye , Max Mutchler

We estimated the rate of comet and asteroid collisions with the terrestrial planets by calculating the orbits of 13000 Jupiter-crossing objects (JCOs) and 1300 resonant asteroids and computing the probabilities of collisions based on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. I. Ipatov , J. C. Mather

The discovery of the transient Jupiter co-orbital comet P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS) drew significant interest. Not only will LD2 transition between being a Centaur and a Jupiter Family Comet (JFC) in 2063, the first time this process can be observed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-15 Theodore Kareta , John W. Noonan , Kathryn Volk , Ryder H. Strauss , David Trilling

We present a study of C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) using Sloan $gri$ observations from mid-January to early April 2020. During this timespan, the comet brightened with a growth in the effective cross-section of $\left(2.0 \pm 0.1 \right) \times…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 Man-To Hui , Quan-Zhi Ye

The study of comets affords a unique window into the birth, infancy, and subsequent history of the solar system. There is strong evidence that comets incorporated pristine interstellar material as well as processed nebular matter, providing…

In late 2010 a Jupiter Family comet 103P/Hartley 2 was a subject of an intensive world-wide investigation. On UT October 20.7 the comet approached the Earth within only 0.12 AU, and on UT November 4.6 it was visited by NASA's EPOXI…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 W. Waniak , G. Borisov , M. Drahus , T. Bonev

Extending the investigation of the presumed primordial comet as part of continuing work on a new model of the Kreutz sungrazer system, I confront a previously derived set of orbital elements with Aristotle's remarks in his Meteorologica to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 Zdenek Sekanina

The relativistic perihelion precession due to the three-body interaction is derived. We consider a hierarchical coplanar three-body system, such as the Sun, Jupiter and Saturn, in which both the secondary object as the largest planet…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-03-26 Kei Yamada , Hideki Asada

NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, has been uncovering a growing number of exoplanets orbiting nearby, bright stars. Most exoplanets that have been discovered by TESS orbit narrow-line, slow-rotating stars,…

Past and future dynamical evolution of all 64 long period comets having 1/aori< 1\times10-4 au-1 and qosc > 3.0 au and discovered after 1970 is studied. For all of them we obtained a new, homogeneous set of osculating orbits, including 15…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Piotr A. Dybczyński , Małgorzata Królikowska

The Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) is an all-sky survey primarily aimed at detecting potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroids. Apart from the astrometry of asteroids, it also produces their photometric measurements…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 J. Durech , J. Tonry , N. Erasmus , L. Denneau , A. N. Heinze , H. Flewelling , R. Vanco

In June 2021 the discovery of an unusual comet C/2014 UN271 Bernardinelli-Bernstein has been announced. Its cometary activity beyond Uranus orbit also has refreshed interest in similar objects, including C/2017K2 PanSTARRS. Another…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Piotr A. Dybczyński , Małgorzata Królikowska

Jupiter-family Comets (JFCs) exhibit a wide range of activity levels and mass-loss over their orbits. We analyzed high-cadence observations of 42 active JFCs with the wide-field Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) survey…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 A. Fraser Gillan , Alan Fitzsimmons , Larry Denneau , Robert J. Siverd , Ken W. Smith , John L. Tonry , David R. Young

New periodic comet P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS) located on unstable quasi-Trojan orbit still an interesting object to study in the last years. We present the results of broadband observations of comet P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS) performed at the Sanglokh…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-29 Serhii Borysenko , Gulchehra Kokhirova , Firuza Rakhmatullaeva