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Deep generative models (DGM) are neural networks with many hidden layers trained to approximate complicated, high-dimensional probability distributions using a large number of samples. When trained successfully, we can use the DGMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Lars Ruthotto , Eldad Haber

Continuous Conditional Generative Modeling (CCGM) estimates high-dimensional data distributions, such as images, conditioned on scalar continuous variables (aka regression labels). While Continuous Conditional Generative Adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xin Ding , Yongwei Wang , Kao Zhang , Z. Jane Wang

Recent advances in deep generative models have greatly expanded the potential to create realistic synthetic health datasets. These synthetic datasets aim to preserve the characteristics, patterns, and overall scientific conclusions derived…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Jennifer A Bartell , Sander Boisen Valentin , Anders Krogh , Henning Langberg , Martin Bøgsted

Content generation modeling has emerged as a promising direction in computational pathology, offering capabilities such as data-efficient learning, synthetic data augmentation, and task-oriented generation across diverse diagnostic tasks.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Yuan Zhang , Xinfeng Zhang , Xiaoming Qi , Xinyu Wu , Feng Chen , Guanyu Yang , Huazhu Fu

Autonomous driving techniques have been flourishing in recent years while thirsting for huge amounts of high-quality data. However, it is difficult for real-world datasets to keep up with the pace of changing requirements due to their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-29 Zhihang Song , Zimin He , Xingyu Li , Qiming Ma , Ruibo Ming , Zhiqi Mao , Huaxin Pei , Lihui Peng , Jianming Hu , Danya Yao , Yi Zhang

When acting as a privacy-enhancing technology, synthetic data generation (SDG) aims to maintain a resemblance to the real data while excluding personally-identifiable information. Many SDG algorithms provide robust differential privacy (DP)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Steven Golob , Sikha Pentyala , Anuar Maratkhan , Martine De Cock

Scene Graph Generation (SGG) aims to explore the relationships between objects in images and obtain scene summary graphs, thereby better serving downstream tasks. However, the long-tailed problem has adversely affected the scene graph's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yansheng Li , Tingzhu Wang , Kang Wu , Linlin Wang , Xin Guo , Wenbin Wang

As privacy regulations become more stringent and access to real-world data becomes increasingly constrained, synthetic data generation has emerged as a vital solution, especially for tabular datasets, which are central to domains like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Raju Challagundla , Mohsen Dorodchi , Pu Wang , Minwoo Lee

Simulation studies are indispensable for evaluating statistical methods and ubiquitous in statistical research. The most common simulation approach is parametric simulation, where the data-generating mechanism (DGM) corresponds to a…

Synthetic data generation with Large Language Models is a promising paradigm for augmenting natural data over a nearly infinite range of tasks. Given this variety, direct comparisons among synthetic data generation algorithms are scarce,…

Generative data-free quantization emerges as a practical compression approach that quantizes deep neural networks to low bit-width without accessing the real data. This approach generates data utilizing batch normalization (BN) statistics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Haotong Qin , Yifu Ding , Xiangguo Zhang , Jiakai Wang , Xianglong Liu , Jiwen Lu

This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review of generative models (GANs, VAEs, DMs, and LLMs) used to synthesize various medical data types, including imaging (dermoscopic, mammographic, ultrasound, CT, MRI, and X-ray), text,…

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) have shown great promise in tasks like synthetic image generation, image inpainting, style transfer, and anomaly detection. However, generating discrete data is a challenge. This work presents an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Shreyas Patel , Ashutosh Kakadiya , Maitrey Mehta , Raj Derasari , Rahul Patel , Ratnik Gandhi

Query-document relevance prediction is a critical problem in Information Retrieval systems. This problem has increasingly been tackled using (pretrained) transformer-based models which are finetuned using large collections of labeled data.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Aditi Chaudhary , Karthik Raman , Krishna Srinivasan , Kazuma Hashimoto , Mike Bendersky , Marc Najork

The recent surge in research focused on generating synthetic data from large language models (LLMs), especially for scenarios with limited data availability, marks a notable shift in Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI). Their ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Xu Guo , Yiqiang Chen

Score-based generative models (SGMs) are a popular family of deep generative models that achieve leading image generation quality. Early studies extend SGMs to tackle class-conditional generation by coupling an unconditional SGM with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Paul Kuo-Ming Huang , Si-An Chen , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Synthetic data generation offers a promising solution to enhance the usefulness of Electronic Healthcare Records (EHR) by generating realistic de-identified data. However, the existing literature primarily focuses on the quality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Resmi Ramachandranpillai , Md Fahim Sikder , David Bergström , Fredrik Heintz

Knowledge Graph Embedding models, representing entities and edges in a low-dimensional space, have been extremely successful at solving tasks related to completing and exploring Knowledge Graphs (KGs). One of the key aspects of training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Alberto Bernardi , Luca Costabello

Despite the impressive performance of recent unbiased Scene Graph Generation (SGG) methods, the current debiasing literature mainly focuses on the long-tailed distribution problem, whereas it overlooks another source of bias, i.e., semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Shuzhou Sun , Shuaifeng Zhi , Qing Liao , Janne Heikkilä , Li Liu

Classical machine learning techniques often struggle with overfitting and unreliable predictions when exposed to novel conditions. Introducing causality into the modelling process offers a promising way to mitigate these challenges by…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-28 David Zapata Gonzalez , Marcel Meyer , Oliver Mueller