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We study a variation of the graph colouring problem on random graphs of finite average connectivity. Given the number of colours, we aim to maximise the number of different colours at neighbouring vertices (i.e. one edge distance) of any…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. Bounkong , J. van Mourik , D. Saad

A new algorithm for exactly sampling from the set of proper colorings of a graph is presented. This is the first such algorithm that has an expected running time that is guaranteed to be linear in the size of a graph with maximum degree \(…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Kritika Bhandari , Mark Huber

In an undirected graph, a proper (k,i)-coloring is an assignment of a set of k colors to each vertex such that any two adjacent vertices have at most i common colors. The (k,i)-coloring problem is to compute the minimum number of colors…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Sriram Bhyravarapu , Saurabh Joshi , Subrahmanyam Kalyanasundaram , Anjeneya Swami Kare

We study the online coloring of $\sigma$-interval graphs, which are interval graphs with interval lengths in $[1,\sigma]$ and 2-count interval graphs, which are interval graphs that require at most two distinct interval lengths. For…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Israel R. Curbelo

Clique-width is one of the graph complexity measures leading to polynomial special-case algorithms for generally NP-complete problems, e.g. graph colourability. The best two currently known algorithms for verifying c-colourability of graphs…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Bruno Courcelle , Irène Durand , Michael Raskin

We show that for any fixed integer $m \geq 1$, a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ has a coloring with $O(\Delta^{(m+1)/m})$ colors in which every connected bicolored subgraph contains at most $m$ edges. This result unifies previously known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Peter Bradshaw

We present a polynomial-space algorithm that computes the number independent sets of any input graph in time $O(1.1387^n)$ for graphs with maximum degree 3 and in time $O(1.2355^n)$ for general graphs, where n is the number of vertices.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Serge Gaspers , Edward Lee

For any fixed surface Sigma of genus g, we give an algorithm to decide whether a graph G of girth at least five embedded in Sigma is colorable from an assignment of lists of size three in time O(|V(G)|). Furthermore, we can allow a subgraph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-10-30 Zdenek Dvorak , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi

Rainbow coloring is a special case of edge coloring, where there must be at least one path between every distinct pair of vertices that consists of different color edges. Here, we may use the same color for the adjacent edges of a graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Debasis Dwibedy , Rakesh Mohanty , Arun Khamari

A recent palette sparsification theorem of Assadi, Chen, and Khanna [SODA'19] states that in every $n$-vertex graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$, sampling $O(\log{n})$ colors per each vertex independently from $\Delta+1$ colors almost…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Noga Alon , Sepehr Assadi

We study weighted edge coloring of graphs, where we are given an undirected edge-weighted general multi-graph $G := (V, E)$ with weights $w : E \rightarrow [0, 1]$. The goal is to find a proper weighted coloring of the edges with as few…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Debarsho Sannyasi

We consider the graph $k$-colouring problem encoded as a set of polynomial equations in the standard way over $0/1$-valued variables. We prove that there are bounded-degree graphs that do not have legal $k$-colourings but for which the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Massimo Lauria , Jakob Nordström

In the context of communication complexity, we explore protocols for graph coloring, focusing on the vertex and edge coloring problems in $n$-vertex graphs $G$ with a maximum degree $\Delta$. We consider a scenario where the edges of $G$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Yi-Jun Chang , Gopinath Mishra , Hung Thuan Nguyen , Farrel D Salim

We consider the following online optimization problem. We are given a graph $G$ and each vertex of the graph is assigned to one of $\ell$ servers, where servers have capacity $k$ and we assume that the graph has $\ell \cdot k$ vertices.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Monika Henzinger , Stefan Neumann , Harald Räcke , Stefan Schmid

Coloring unit-disk graphs efficiently is an important problem in the global and distributed setting, with applications in radio channel assignment problems when the communication relies on omni-directional antennas of the same power. In…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Louis Esperet , Sébastien Julliot , Arnaud de Mesmay

We consider the dynamic graph coloring problem restricted to the class of interval graphs. At each update step the algorithm is presented with an interval to be colored, or a previously colored interval to delete. The goal of the algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Girish Raguvir J , Manas Jyoti Kashyop , N. S. Narayanaswamy

Given an $n$-vertex graph $G$ and two positive integers $d,k \in \mathbb{N}$, the ($d,kn$)-differential coloring problem asks for a coloring of the vertices of $G$ (if one exists) with distinct numbers from 1 to $kn$ (treated as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-10-03 Michael Bekos , Stephen Kobourov , Michael Kaufmann , Sankar Veeramoni

We give a new randomized distributed algorithm for the $\Delta+1$-list coloring problem. The algorithm and its analysis dramatically simplify the previous best result known of Chang, Li, and Pettie [SICOMP 2020]. This allows for numerous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Magnús M. Halldórsson , Alexandre Nolin , Tigran Tonoyan

We show that the $(degree+1)$-list coloring problem can be solved deterministically in $O(D \cdot \log n \cdot\log^2\Delta)$ rounds in the \CONGEST model, where $D$ is the diameter of the graph, $n$ the number of nodes, and $\Delta$ the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Philipp Bamberger , Fabian Kuhn , Yannic Maus

We show that, for every $k \ge 2$, every $k$-uniform hypergaph of degree $\Delta$ and girth at least $5$ is efficiently $(1+o(1) )(k-1) (\Delta / \ln \Delta )^{ 1/(k-1) } $-list colorable. As an application (and to the best of our…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Fotis Iliopoulos