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Large Language Model (LLM) agents are rapidly improving to handle increasingly complex web-based tasks. Most of these agents rely on general-purpose, proprietary models like GPT-4 and focus on designing better prompts to improve their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Junhong Shen , Atishay Jain , Zedian Xiao , Ishan Amlekar , Mouad Hadji , Aaron Podolny , Ameet Talwalkar

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into tool-using agents, they remain brittle in long-horizon interactions. Unlike mathematical reasoning where errors are often rectifiable via backtracking, tool-use failures frequently induce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shengda Fan , Xuyan Ye , Yupeng Huo , Zhi-Yuan Chen , Yiju Guo , Shenzhi Yang , Wenkai Yang , Shuqi Ye , Jingwen Chen , Haotian Chen , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin

Context: Manual qualitative data analysis is time-intensive and can compromise validity and replicability, affecting analysis design, implementation, and reporting. Large Language Models (LLMs) enable human-bot collaboration in Software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Aakash Ahmad , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Wang Xiaofeng , Anh Nguyen Duc , Pekka Abrahamsson

The rapidly evolving field of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has made significant strides in automating repetitive processes, yet its effectiveness diminishes in scenarios requiring spontaneous or unpredictable tasks demanded by users.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Zhen Zeng , William Watson , Nicole Cho , Saba Rahimi , Shayleen Reynolds , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities for complex tasks, yet adaptation in medical domain, specifically mental health, poses specific challenges. Mental health is a rising concern globally with LLMs having large…

Tool-calling agents are increasingly deployed in real-world customer-facing workflows. Yet most studies on tool-calling agents focus on idealized settings with general, fixed, and well-specified tasks. In real-world applications, user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ziyi Wang , Yuxuan Lu , Yimeng Zhang , Pei Chen , Ziwei Dong , Jing Huang , Jiri Gesi , Xianfeng Tang , Chen Luo , Qun Liu , Yisi Sang , Hanqing Lu , Manling Li , Jin Lai , Dakuo Wang

Tool calling has become increasingly popular for Large Language Models (LLMs). However, for large tool sets, the resulting tokens would exceed the LLM's context window limit, making it impossible to include every tool. Hence, an external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Saptarshi Sengupta , Zhengyu Zhou , Jun Araki , Xingbo Wang , Bingqing Wang , Suhang Wang , Zhe Feng

Training models on synthetic data has emerged as an increasingly important strategy for improving the performance of generative AI. This approach is particularly helpful for large multimodal models (LMMs) due to the relative scarcity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Gabriela Ben Melech Stan , Estelle Aflalo , Avinash Madasu , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

Recent end-to-end spoken dialogue models enable natural interaction. However, as user demands become increasingly complex, models that rely solely on conversational abilities often struggle to cope. Incorporating agentic capabilities is…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tianle Liang , Yifu Chen , Shengpeng Ji , Yijun Chen , Zhiyang Jia , Jingyu Lu , Fan Zhuo , Xueyi Pu , Yangzhuo Li , Zhou Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents, expected to decompose goals, invoke tools, and verify results in dynamic environments. Realizing these capabilities requires access to agentic data-structured interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Abhigya Verma , Seganrasan Subramanian , Nandhakumar Kandasamy , Naman Gupta

Limited access to mental healthcare, extended wait times, and increasing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led individuals to turn to LLMs for fulfilling their mental health needs. However, examining the multi-turn mental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Mohit Chandra , Siddharth Sriraman , Harneet Singh Khanuja , Yiqiao Jin , Munmun De Choudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving from text generators into reasoning agents. This transition makes their ability to use external tools a critical capability. However, evaluating this skill presents a significant challenge. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fei Lei , Yibo Yang , Wenxiu Sun , Dahua Lin

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in AI-based tutoring systems. Can they faithfully model novice reasoning and metacognitive judgments? Existing evaluations emphasize problem-solving accuracy, overlooking the fragmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Conrad Borchers , Jill-Jênn Vie , Roger Azevedo

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhance their problem-solving capability by utilizing external tools. However, in open-world scenarios with massive and evolving tool repositories, existing methods relying on static embedding retrieval or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Shouzheng Huang , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

While achieving remarkable progress in a broad range of tasks, large language models (LLMs) remain significantly limited in properly using massive external tools. Existing in-context learning approaches simply format tools into a list of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xukun Liu , Zhiyuan Peng , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie , Lirong Xiang , Yuchen Liu , Dongkuan Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in orchestrating tools for reasoning tasks. However, existing methods rely on a step-wise paradigm that lacks a global perspective, which causes error accumulation over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Tairan Huang , Siyu Shang , Qiang Chen , Xiu Su , Yi Chen

The pursuit of human-level artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced the development of autonomous agents and Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs are now widely utilized as decision-making agents for their ability to interpret…

Recently, the astonishing performance of large language models (LLMs) in natural language comprehension and generation tasks triggered lots of exploration of using them as central controllers to build agent systems. Multiple studies focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Chenyu Wang , Weixin Luo , Sixun Dong , Xiaohua Xuan , Zhengxin Li , Lin Ma , Shenghua Gao

Agents utilizing tools powered by large language models (LLMs) or vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in diverse tasks across text and visual modalities. Unlike traditional tools such as calculators, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yunzhong Xiao , Yangmin Li , Hewei Wang , Yunlong Tang , Zora Zhiruo Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise as data analysis agents, but existing benchmarks overlook the iterative nature of the field, where experts' decisions evolve with deeper insights of the dataset. To address this, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hanyu Li , Haoyu Liu , Tingyu Zhu , Tianyu Guo , Zeyu Zheng , Xiaotie Deng , Michael I. Jordan