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The development of a framework for quantifying "non-stabiliserness" of quantum operations is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation, and by the need to estimate classical simulation cost for noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-05 James R. Seddon , Earl T. Campbell

Modern supercomputers can handle resource-intensive computational and data-driven problems in various industries and academic fields. These supercomputers are primarily made up of traditional classical resources comprising CPUs and GPUs.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Soronzonbold Otgonbaatar , Elise Jennings

Motivated by their necessity for most fault-tolerant quantum computation schemes, we formulate a resource theory for magic states. We first show that robustness of magic is a well-behaved magic monotone that operationally quantifies the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-16 Mark Howard , Earl T. Campbell

In quantum computing, non-stabilizerness -- the magic -- refers to the computational advantage of certain quantum states over classical computers and is an essential ingredient for universal quantum computation. Employing the second order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Qiaofeng Liu , Ian Low , Zhewei Yin

Recent technological developments have focused the interest of the quantum computing community on investigating how near-term devices could outperform classical computers for practical applications. A central question that remains open is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Daniel Stilck Franca , Raul Garcia-Patron

Quantum algorithms based on quantum kernel methods have been investigated previously [1]. A quantum advantage is derived from the fact that it is possible to construct a family of datasets for which, only quantum processing can recognise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Sanjeev Naguleswaran

It is argued that immense physical resources - for nonlocal communication, espionage, and exponentially-fast computation - are hidden from us by quantum noise, and that this noise is not fundamental but merely a property of an equilibrium…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Antony Valentini

We introduce Magic Secret Sharing (MSS), a quantum cryptographic primitive in which the secret is the computational capability of a quantum state rather than its classical description. In the resource theory of magic, non-stabilizer states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Soumyojyoti Dutta , Tushar

We propose a novel technique for optimizing a modular fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture, taking into account any desired space-time trade-offs between the number of physical qubits and the fault-tolerant execution time of a…

The property of non-stabiliserness, or ``magic'', is of interest in quantum computing due to its role in developing fault-tolerant quantum algorithms with genuine computational advantage over classical counterparts. There has been much…

Quantum mechanics features a variety of distinct properties such as coherence and entanglement, which could be explored to showcase potential advantages over classical counterparts in information processing. In general, legitimate quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Fuchuan Wei , Zhenhuan Liu , Guoding Liu , Zizhao Han , Xiongfeng Ma , Dong-Ling Deng , Zhengwei Liu

Magic describes the distance of a quantum state to its closest stabilizer state. It is -- like entanglement -- a necessary resource for a potential quantum advantage over classical computing. We study magic, quantified by stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Gerald E. Fux , Emanuele Tirrito , Marcello Dalmonte , Rosario Fazio

Measures of quantum nonlocality traditionally assume perfect local computation. In real experiments, however, each computational primitive is imperfect. Fault-tolerant techniques enable arbitrarily accurate quantum computation but do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Andy Zeyi Liu , Debbie Leung

Non-stabilizerness or magic resource characterizes the amount of non-Clifford operations needed to prepare quantum states. It is a crucial resource for quantum computing and a necessary condition for quantum advantage. However, quantifying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-31 Tobias Haug , M. S. Kim

Magic, also known as nonstabilizerness, quantifies the distance of a quantum state to the set of stabilizer states, and it serves as a necessary resource for potential quantum advantage over classical computing. In this work, we study magic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Poetri Sonya Tarabunga , Emanuele Tirrito

To achieve universal quantum computation via general fault-tolerant schemes, stabilizer operations must be supplemented with other non-stabilizer quantum resources. Motivated by this necessity, we develop a resource theory for magic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Xin Wang , Mark M. Wilde , Yuan Su

Quantum computing is one of the most enticing computational paradigms with the potential to revolutionize diverse areas of future-generation computational systems. While quantum computing hardware has advanced rapidly, from tiny laboratory…

Quantum memory -- the capacity to store and faithfully recover unknown quantum states -- is essential for quantum-enhanced technology. There is thus a pressing need for operationally meaningful means to benchmark candidate memories across…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-23 Xiao Yuan , Yunchao Liu , Qi Zhao , Bartosz Regula , Jayne Thompson , Mile Gu

The presence of noise is the primary challenge in realizing fault-tolerant quantum computers. In this work, we introduce and experimentally validate a novel strategy to circumvent noise by exploiting the phenomenon of metastability, where a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Antonio Sannia , Pratik Sathe , Luis Pedro García-Pintos

Understanding whether uniquely quantum features can provide concrete advantages in thermodynamic processes is a central objective of quantum thermodynamics. A key challenge is quantifying how different forms of non-classicality can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Luis Pedro Garcıa-Pintos , Tanmoy Biswas , Chandan Datta
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