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Generative AI applications present unique design challenges. As generative AI technologies are increasingly being incorporated into mainstream applications, there is an urgent need for guidance on how to design user experiences that foster…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Justin D. Weisz , Jessica He , Michael Muller , Gabriela Hoefer , Rachel Miles , Werner Geyer

Simulated user agents are increasingly used in usability testing to support fast, iterative UX workflows, as they generate rich data such as action logs and think-aloud reasoning, but the unstructured nature of this output often obscures…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Steffen Holter , Eunyee Koh , Mustafa Doga Dogan , Gromit Yeuk-Yin Chan

Usability testing is a fundamental research method that user experience (UX) researchers use to evaluate and iterate their new designs. But what about evaluating and iterating the usability testing study design itself? Recent advances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuxuan Lu , Bingsheng Yao , Hansu Gu , Jing Huang , Jessie Wang , Yang Li , Jiri Gesi , Qi He , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dakuo Wang

While GUI agents have shown impressive capabilities in common computer-use tasks such as OSWorld, current benchmarks mainly focus on isolated and single-application tasks. This overlooks a critical real-world requirement of coordinating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinchao Li , Yunxin Li , Chenrui Zhao , Zhenran Xu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

The increasing use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) tools in education highlights the need to understand their influence on individuals' thinking processes and agency. This research explored 20 university students' interaction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Tianlong Zhong , Gaoxia Zhu , Kang You Lim , Yew Soon Ong

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents are designed to automate complex tasks on digital devices, such as smartphones and desktops. Most existing GUI agents interact with the environment through extracted structured data, which can be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Kanzhi Cheng , Qiushi Sun , Yougang Chu , Fangzhi Xu , Yantao Li , Jianbing Zhang , Zhiyong Wu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding - the task of mapping natural language instructions to screen coordinates - is essential for autonomous agents and accessibility technologies. Existing systems rely on monolithic models or one-shot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 SeokJoo Kwak , Jihoon Kim , Boyoun Kim , Jung Jae Yoon , Wooseok Jang , Jeonghoon Hong , Jaeho Yang , Yeong-Dae Kwon

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been increasingly applied to creative domains, leading to the development of systems that collaborate with humans in design processes. In Graphic Design, integrating computational systems into co-creative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Joana Rovira Martins , Pedro Martins , Ana Boavida

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding is commonly framed as a coordinate prediction task -- given a natural language instruction, generate on-screen coordinates for actions such as clicks and keystrokes. However, recent Vision Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yu Zhao , Wei-Ning Chen , Huseyin Atahan Inan , Samuel Kessler , Lu Wang , Lukas Wutschitz , Fangkai Yang , Chaoyun Zhang , Pasquale Minervini , Saravan Rajmohan , Robert Sim

The rapid appearance of large language models (LLMs) has led to systems that turn natural-language intent into real user interfaces (UIs). Free-form code generation maximizes expressiveness but often hurts reliability, security, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xinsong Li , Ning Jiang , Jay Selvaraj

Recent advances in foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have facilitated the development of intelligent agents capable of performing complex tasks. By leveraging the…

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has fundamentally transformed creative work practices in the design industry. Existing studies have identified both opportunities and challenges for creative practitioners in their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nami Ogawa , Yuki Okafuji , Yuji Hatada , Jun Baba

Autonomous AI agents are transforming software development and redefining how developers collaborate with AI. Prior research shows that the adoption and use of AI-powered tools differ between core and peripheral developers. However, it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shamse Tasnim Cynthia , Joy Krishan Das , Banani Roy

Real-world software engineering tasks require coding agents that can operate on massive repositories, sustain long-horizon sessions, and reliably coordinate complex toolchains at test time. Existing research-grade coding agents offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sherman Wong , Zhenting Qi , Zhaodong Wang , Nathan Hu , Samuel Lin , Jun Ge , Erwin Gao , Wenlin Chen , Yilun Du , Minlan Yu , Ying Zhang

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents, powered by large language and vision-language models, hold promise for enabling end-to-end automation in digital environments. However, their progress is fundamentally constrained by the scarcity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Musen Lin , Minghao Liu , Taoran Lu , Lichen Yuan , Yiwei Liu , Haonan Xu , Yu Miao , Yuhao Chao , Zhaojian Li

Mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents aim to autonomously complete tasks within or across apps based on user instructions. While recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) enable these agents to interpret UI screens and perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Linqiang Guo , Wei Liu , Yi Wen Heng , Tse-Hsun , Chen , Yang Wang

Generative AI faces many challenges when entering the product design workflow, such as interface usability and interaction patterns. Therefore, based on design thinking and design process, we developed the DesignGPT multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Shiying Ding , Xinyi Chen , Yan Fang , Wenrui Liu , Yiwu Qiu , Chunlei Chai

End-user development,where non-programmers create or adapt their own digital tools, can play a key role in driving digital transformation within organizations. Currently, low-code/no-code platforms are widely used to enable end-user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Irene Weber

Computer use agents automate digital tasks by directly interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) on computers and mobile devices, offering significant potential to enhance human productivity by completing an open-ended space of user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Saaket Agashe , Kyle Wong , Vincent Tu , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

Autonomous agents for Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) face significant challenges in specialized domains such as scientific computing, where both long-horizon planning and precise execution are required. Existing approaches suffer from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zeyi Sun , Yuhang Cao , Jianze Liang , Qiushi Sun , Ziyu Liu , Zhixiong Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Xiaoyi Dong , Kai Chen , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang