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Several recently proposed stochastic optimization methods that have been successfully used in training deep networks such as RMSProp, Adam, Adadelta, Nadam are based on using gradient updates scaled by square roots of exponential moving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Sashank J. Reddi , Satyen Kale , Sanjiv Kumar

We investigate the role of the optimizer in determining the quality of the model fit for neural networks with a small to medium number of parameters. We study the performance of Adam, an algorithm for first-order gradient-based optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 John Taylor , Wenyi Wang , Biswajit Bala , Tomasz Bednarz

Training large language models (LLMs) poses challenges due to their massive scale and heterogeneous architectures. While adaptive optimizers like AdamW help address gradient variations, they still struggle with efficient and effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siyuan Li , Juanxi Tian , Zedong Wang , Xin Jin , Zicheng Liu , Wentao Zhang , Dan Xu

This paper investigates gradient-based adaptive prediction and control for nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems under a weak convexity condition on the prediction-based loss. This condition accommodates a broad range of nonlinear models…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Yujing Liu , Xin Zheng , Zhixin Liu , Lei Guo

In this paper, we introduce StochGradAdam, a novel optimizer designed as an extension of the Adam algorithm, incorporating stochastic gradient sampling techniques to improve computational efficiency while maintaining robust performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Juyoung Yun

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), generative reward models (GRMs) have been widely adopted for reward modeling and evaluation. Previous studies have primarily focused on training specialized GRMs by optimizing them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shaoning Sun , Jiachen Yu , Zongqi Wang , Xuewei Yang , Tianle Gu , Yujiu Yang

We introduce Velocity-Regularized Adam (VRAdam), a physics-inspired optimizer for training deep neural networks that draws on ideas from quartic terms for kinetic energy with its stabilizing effects on various system dynamics. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Pranav Vaidhyanathan , Lucas Schorling , Natalia Ares , Michael A. Osborne

AdamZ is an advanced variant of the Adam optimiser, developed to enhance convergence efficiency in neural network training. This optimiser dynamically adjusts the learning rate by incorporating mechanisms to address overshooting and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ilia Zaznov , Atta Badii , Alfonso Dufour , Julian Kunkel

Adam is widely adopted in practical applications due to its fast convergence. However, its theoretical analysis is still far from satisfactory. Existing convergence analyses for Adam rely on the bounded smoothness assumption, referred to as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Bohan Wang , Yushun Zhang , Huishuai Zhang , Qi Meng , Ruoyu Sun , Zhi-Ming Ma , Tie-Yan Liu , Zhi-Quan Luo , Wei Chen

A framework is introduced for sequentially solving convex stochastic minimization problems, where the objective functions change slowly, in the sense that the distance between successive minimizers is bounded. The minimization problems are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-12 Craig Wilson , Venugopal Veeravalli , Angelia Nedich

Many traditional signal recovery approaches can behave well basing on the penalized likelihood. However, they have to meet with the difficulty in the selection of hyperparameters or tuning parameters in the penalties. In this article, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-17 Bin Wang , Xiaofei Wang , Jianhua Guo

Large language models (LLMs) are being widely applied across various fields, but as tasks become more complex, evaluating their responses is increasingly challenging. Compared to human evaluators, the use of LLMs to support performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yuran Li , Jama Hussein Mohamud , Chongren Sun , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

In this paper, we provide a rigorous proof of convergence of the Adaptive Moment Estimate (Adam) algorithm for a wide class of optimization objectives. Despite the popularity and efficiency of the Adam algorithm in training deep neural…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Haochuan Li , Alexander Rakhlin , Ali Jadbabaie

In neural network training, RMSProp and Adam remain widely favoured optimisation algorithms. One of the keys to their performance lies in selecting the correct step size, which can significantly influence their effectiveness. Additionally,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Alokendu Mazumder , Rishabh Sabharwal , Manan Tayal , Bhartendu Kumar , Punit Rathore

Machine learning models are increasingly being utilized across various fields and tasks due to their outstanding performance and strong generalization capabilities. Nonetheless, their success hinges on the availability of large volumes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shreen Gul , Mohamed Elmahallawy , Sanjay Madria , Ardhendu Tripathy

We propose a new two stage algorithm LING for large scale regression problems. LING has the same risk as the well known Ridge Regression under the fixed design setting and can be computed much faster. Our experiments have shown that LING…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-05-16 Yichao Lu , Dean P. Foster

We propose an unconstrained optimization method based on the well-known primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) algorithm. We first formulate the optimality condition of the unconstrained optimization problem as a saddle point problem. We then…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-29 X. Zuo , S. Osher , W. Li

Adam is the go-to optimizer for training modern machine learning models, but it requires additional memory to maintain the moving averages of the gradients and their squares. While various low-memory optimizers have been proposed that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Dayal Singh Kalra , John Kirchenbauer , Maissam Barkeshli , Tom Goldstein

The human reasoning process is seldom a one-way process from an input leading to an output. Instead, it often involves a systematic deduction by ruling out other possible outcomes as a self-checking mechanism. In this paper, we describe the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Fang Wan , Chaoyang Song

Recently, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants have become the dominant methods in the large-scale optimization of machine learning (ML) problems. A variety of strategies have been proposed for tuning the step sizes, ranging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Xiaoyu Li