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We introduce CEMTM, a context-enhanced multimodal topic model designed to infer coherent and interpretable topic structures from both short and long documents containing text and images. CEMTM builds on fine-tuned large vision language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Amirhossein Abaskohi , Raymond Li , Chuyuan Li , Shafiq Joty , Giuseppe Carenini

Multi-hop question answering (QA) is widely used to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models, yet most benchmarks focus on final answer correctness and overlook intermediate reasoning, especially in long multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Biao Xiang , Soyeon Caren Han , Yihao Ding

The Music Emotion Recognition (MER) field has seen steady developments in recent years, with contributions from feature engineering, machine learning, and deep learning. The landscape has also shifted from audio-centric systems to bimodal…

Recent large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in aligning generated text with user intentions across various tasks. When it comes to long-form text generation, there has been a growing interest in generation from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yinhong Liu , Yixuan Su , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

Spectra are a prevalent yet highly information-dense form of scientific imagery, presenting substantial challenges to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) due to their unstructured and domain-specific characteristics. Here we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jialu Shen , Han Lyu , Suyang Zhong , Hanzheng Li , Haoyi Tao , Nan Wang , Changhong Chen , Xi Fang

The rapid development of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has navigated a paradigm shift in computer vision, moving towards versatile foundational models. However, evaluating MLLMs in low-level visual perception and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zicheng Zhang , Haoning Wu , Erli Zhang , Guangtao Zhai , Weisi Lin

Automatic metrics are now central to evaluating text-to-image models, often substituting for human judgment in benchmarking and large-scale filtering. However, it remains unclear whether these metrics truly prioritize semantic correctness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Subhadeep Roy , Gagan Bhatia , Steffen Eger

Visual reasoning is a core component of human intelligence and a critical capability for advanced multimodal models. Yet current reasoning evaluations of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often rely on text descriptions and allow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Weiye Xu , Jiahao Wang , Weiyun Wang , Zhe Chen , Wengang Zhou , Aijun Yang , Lewei Lu , Houqiang Li , Xiaohua Wang , Xizhou Zhu , Wenhai Wang , Jifeng Dai , Jinguo Zhu

A hallmark of advanced artificial intelligence is the capacity to progress from passive visual perception to the strategic modification of visual information to facilitate complex reasoning. This advanced capability, however, remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jingkun Ma , Runzhe Zhan , Yang Li , Di Sun , Hou Pong Chan , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

Despite rapid progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and emerging omni-modal architectures, current benchmarks remain limited in scope and integration, suffering from incomplete modality coverage, restricted interaction to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yue Jiang , Dingkang Yang , Minghao Han , Jinghang Han , Zizhi Chen , Yizhou Liu , Mingcheng Li , Peng Zhai , Lihua Zhang

Evaluating the symbolic reasoning of large language models (LLMs) calls for geometry benchmarks that require multi-step proofs grounded in both text and diagrams. However, existing benchmarks are often limited in scale and rarely provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yushun Zhang , Weiping Fu , Zesheng Yang , Bo Zhao , Lingling Zhang , Jian Zhang , Yumeng Fu , Jiaxing Huang , Jun Liu

The evaluation of image captions, looking at both linguistic fluency and semantic correspondence to visual contents, has witnessed a significant effort. Still, despite advancements such as the CLIPScore metric, multilingual captioning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Gonçalo Gomes , Chrysoula Zerva , Bruno Martins

Semantic scene parsing is suffering from the fact that pixel-level annotations are hard to be collected. To tackle this issue, we propose a Point-based Distance Metric Learning (PDML) in this paper. PDML does not require dense annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Rui Qian , Yunchao Wei , Honghui Shi , Jiachen Li , Jiaying Liu , Thomas Huang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in perception and interpretation tasks, but their capabilities in predictive reasoning remain under-explored. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mingwei Zhu , Leigang Sha , Yu Shu , Kangjia Zhao , Tiancheng Zhao , Jianwei Yin

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to interpret visual representations of data is crucial for advancing their application in data analysis and decision-making processes. This paper presents a novel synthetic dataset designed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Aneta Pawelec , Victoria Sara Wesołowska , Zuzanna Bączek , Piotr Sankowski

Multimodal large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating high-quality images from textual instructions. However, their performance in generating scientific images--a critical application for…

Multispectral pedestrian detection is a crucial component in various critical applications. However, a significant challenge arises due to the misalignment between these modalities, particularly under real-world conditions where data often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Taeheon Kim , Sangyun Chung , Youngjoon Yu , Yong Man Ro

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in vision-language tasks but their remote sensing (RS) counterpart are relatively under explored. Unlike natural images, RS imagery presents unique challenges that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Abduljaleel Adejumo , Faegheh Yeganli , Clifford Broni-bediako , Aoran Xiao , Naoto Yokoya , Mennatullah Siam

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is a popular multimodal task that aims to accurately detect target objects within a single image based on a given textual expression. However, due to the limitations of earlier models, traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Guanghao Jin , Jingpei Wu , Tianpei Guo , Yiyi Niu , Weidong Zhou , Guoyang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on diverse benchmarks, yet existing evaluation practices largely rely on coarse summary metrics that obscure underlying reasoning abilities. In this work, we propose novel…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Jia Liu , Zhiyu Xu , Yuqi Gu