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Beyond-planarity focuses on the study of geometric and topological graphs that are in some sense nearly-planar. Here, planarity is relaxed by allowing edge crossings, but only with respect to some local forbidden crossing configurations.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Maximilian Pfister , Torsten Ueckerdt

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. A graph, together with a 1-planar drawing is called 1-plane. Brandenburg et al. showed that there are maximal 1-planar graphs with only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-21 János Barát , Géza Tóth

A straight-line drawing of a graph is a monotone drawing if for each pair of vertices there is a path which is monotonically increasing in some direction, and it is called a strongly monotone drawing if the direction of monotonicity is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Stefan Felsner , Alexander Igamberdiev , Philipp Kindermann , Boris Klemz , Tamara Mchedlidze , Manfred Scheucher

A drawing of a graph is greedy if for each ordered pair of vertices u and v, there is a path from u to v such that the Euclidean distance to v decreases monotonically at every vertex of the path. The existence of greedy drawings has been…

A connected topological drawing of a graph divides the plane into a number of cells. The type of a cell $c$ is the cyclic sequence of crossings and vertices along the boundary walk of $c$. For example, all triangular cells with three…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Benedikt Hahn , Torsten Ueckerdt , Birgit Vogtenhuber

A \emph{queue layout} of a graph consists of a \emph{linear order} of its vertices and a partition of its edges into \emph{queues}, so that no two independent edges of the same queue are nested. The \emph{queue number} of a graph is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Michael A. Bekos , Henry Förster , Martin Gronemann , Tamara Mchedlidze , Fabrizio Montecchiani , Chrysanthi Raftopoulou , Torsten Ueckerdt

A graph drawn on the plane is called $1$-plane if each edge is crossed at most once by another edge. In this paper, we show that every $4$-connected $1$-plane graph has a connected spanning plane subgraph. We also show that there exist…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Kenta Noguchi , Katsuhiro Ota , Yusuke Suzuki

We investigate straight-line drawings of topological graphs that consist of a planar graph plus one edge, also called almost-planar graphs. We present a characterization of such graphs that admit a straight-line drawing. The…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Peter Eades , Seok-Hee Hong , Giuseppe Liotta , Naoki Katoh , Sheung-Hung Poon

It is proved that the rectilinear crossing number of every graph with bounded tree-width and bounded degree is linear in the number of vertices. **** This paper has been withdrawn by the author. **** The results have been superseeded by the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David R. Wood

A fan is a set of edges with a single common endpoint. A graph is fan-crossing if it admits a drawing in the plane so that each edge is crossed by edges of a fan. It is fan-planar if, in addition, the common endpoint is on the same side of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Franz J. Brandenburg

A circle graph is an intersection graph of a set of chords of a circle. We describe the unavoidable induced subgraphs of circle graphs with large treewidth. This includes examples that are far from the `usual suspects'. Our results imply…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-23 Robert Hickingbotham , Freddie Illingworth , Bojan Mohar , David R. Wood

While orthogonal drawings have a long history, smooth orthogonal drawings have been introduced only recently. So far, only planar drawings or drawings with an arbitrary number of crossings per edge have been studied. Recently, a lot of…

Consider the following problem: Given a planar graph $G$, what is the maximum number $p$ such that $G$ has a planar straight-line drawing with $p$ collinear vertices? This problem resides at the core of several graph drawing problems,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Giordano Da Lozzo , Vida Dujmovic , Fabrizio Frati , Tamara Mchedlidze , Vincenzo Roselli

A graph is $1$-$planar$ if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. Moreover, a 1-planar graph $G$ is $optimal$ if it satisfies $|E(G)|=4|V(G)|-8$. J. Fujisawa et al. [16] first considered…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Jiangyue Zhang , Yan Wu , Heping Zhang

Algorithmic extension problems of partial graph representations such as planar graph drawings or geometric intersection representations are of growing interest in topological graph theory and graph drawing. In such an extension problem, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Eduard Eiben , Robert Ganian , Thekla Hamm , Fabian Klute , Martin Nöllenburg

An octilinear drawing of a planar graph is one in which each edge is drawn as a sequence of horizontal, vertical and diagonal at 45 degrees line-segments. For such drawings to be readable, special care is needed in order to keep the number…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-12-16 Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Robert Krug

A graph is \emph{fan-crossing free} if it has a drawing in the plane so that each edge is crossed by independent edges, that is the crossing edges have distinct vertices. On the other hand, it is \emph{fan-crossing} if the crossing edges…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Franz J. Brandenburg

Frequently, knots are enumerated by their crossing number. However, the number of knots with crossing number $c$ grows exponentially with $c$, and to date computer-assisted proofs can only classify diagrams up to around twenty crossings.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-12-03 Yoav Moriah , Jessica S. Purcell

Simple drawings are drawings of graphs in which any two edges intersect at most once (either at a common endpoint or a proper crossing), and no edge intersects itself. We analyze several characteristics of simple drawings of complete…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Oswin Aichholzer , Birgit Vogtenhuber , Alexandra Weinberger

The vertex connectivity of a graph $G$ is the size of the smallest set of vertices $S$ such that $G \setminus S$ is disconnected. For the class of planar graphs, the problem of vertex connectivity is well-studied, both from structural and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Therese Biedl , Karthik Murali