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Large language models are increasingly deployed as research agents for deep search and long-horizon information seeking, yet their performance often degrades as interaction histories grow. This degradation, known as context rot, reflects a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yilun Yao , Shan Huang , Elsie Dai , Zhewen Tan , Zhenyu Duan , Shousheng Jia , Yanbing Jiang , Tong Yang

Abstract visual reasoning (AVR) domain encompasses problems solving which requires the ability to reason about relations among entities present in a given scene. While humans, generally, solve AVR tasks in a "natural" way, even without…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Mikołaj Małkiński , Jacek Mańdziuk

Abstraction--the ability to recognize and distill essential computational patterns from complex problem statements--is a foundational skill in computer science, critical both for human problem-solvers and coding-oriented large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Cheng-Kai Yeh , Hsing-Wang Lee , Chung-Hung Kuo , Hen-Hsen Huang

Recent progress in Vision Language Models (VLMs) has raised the question of whether they can reliably perform nonverbal reasoning. To this end, we introduce VRIQ (Visual Reasoning IQ), a novel benchmark designed to assess and analyze the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Tina Khezresmaeilzadeh , Jike Zhong , Konstantinos Psounis

On-the-fly reasoning often requires adaptation to novel problems under limited data and distribution shift. This work introduces CausalARC: an experimental testbed for AI reasoning in low-data and out-of-distribution regimes, modeled after…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jacqueline Maasch , John Kalantari , Kia Khezeli

Recent studies on machine reading comprehension have focused on text-level understanding but have not yet reached the level of human understanding of the visual layout and content of real-world documents. In this study, we introduce a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Ryota Tanaka , Kyosuke Nishida , Sen Yoshida

Abstract reasoning is a cornerstone of human intelligence, and replicating it with artificial intelligence (AI) presents an ongoing challenge. This study focuses on efficiently solving Raven's progressive matrices (RPM), a visual test for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Michael Hersche , Francesco di Stefano , Thomas Hofmann , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

Learning abstractions directly from data is a core challenge in robotics. Humans naturally operate at an abstract level, reasoning over high-level subgoals while delegating execution to low-level motor skills -- an ability that enables…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Abhiroop Ajith , Constantinos Chamzas

Understanding images and text together is an important aspect of cognition and building advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. As a community, we have achieved good benchmarks over language and vision domains separately, however…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

'Actions' play a vital role in how humans interact with the world and enable them to achieve desired goals. As a result, most common sense (CS) knowledge for humans revolves around actions. While 'Reasoning about Actions & Change' (RAC) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Maitreya Patel , Subhasish Das , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Natural language goes beyond dryly describing visual content. It contains rich abstract concepts to express feeling, creativity and properties that cannot be directly perceived. Yet, current research in Vision Language Models (VLMs) has not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Davide Talon , Federico Girella , Ziyue Liu , Marco Cristani , Yiming Wang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated growing interest in their structured reasoning capabilities, particularly in tasks involving abstraction and pattern recognition. The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Nikhil Khandalkar , Pavan Yadav , Krishna Shinde , Lokesh B. Ramegowda , Rajarshi Das

A long-held objective in AI is to build systems that understand concepts in a humanlike way. Setting aside the difficulty of building such a system, even trying to evaluate one is a challenge, due to present-day AI's relative opacity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Victor Vikram Odouard , Melanie Mitchell

Inductive reasoning is a core problem-solving capacity: humans can identify underlying principles from a few examples, which robustly generalize to novel scenarios. Recent work evaluates large language models (LLMs) on inductive reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Ruocheng Wang , Eric Zelikman , Gabriel Poesia , Yewen Pu , Nick Haber , Noah D. Goodman

The existing methods for evaluating the inference abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have been predominantly results-centric, making it challenging to assess the inference process comprehensively. We introduce a novel approach using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Seungpil Lee , Woochang Sim , Donghyeon Shin , Wongyu Seo , Jiwon Park , Seokki Lee , Sanha Hwang , Sejin Kim , Sundong Kim

Visual Commonsense Reasoning (VCR), deemed as one challenging extension of the Visual Question Answering (VQA), endeavors to pursue a more high-level visual comprehension. It is composed of two indispensable processes: question answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Zhenyang Li , Yangyang Guo , Kejie Wang , Yinwei Wei , Liqiang Nie , Mohan Kankanhalli

Analytical reasoning is an essential and challenging task that requires a system to analyze a scenario involving a set of particular circumstances and perform reasoning over it to make conclusions. In this paper, we study the challenge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Wanjun Zhong , Siyuan Wang , Duyu Tang , Zenan Xu , Daya Guo , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Ming Zhou , Nan Duan

Quantitative metrics are central to evaluating computer vision (CV) models, but they often fail to capture real-world performance due to protocol inconsistencies and ground-truth noise. While visual perception studies can complement these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Ashkan Ganj , Yiqin Zhao , Tian Guo

Effectively retrieving, reasoning and understanding visually rich information remains a challenge for RAG methods. Traditional text-based methods cannot handle visual-related information. On the other hand, current vision-based RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qiuchen Wang , Ruixue Ding , Yu Zeng , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Shihang Wang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Feng Zhao

Abstraction reasoning is a long-standing challenge in artificial intelligence. Recent studies suggest that many of the deep architectures that have triumphed over other domains failed to work well in abstract reasoning. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Kecheng Zheng , Zheng-jun Zha , Wei Wei