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Recently DeepSeek R1 has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) can substantially improve the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through a simple yet effective design. The core of R1 lies in its rule-based reward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haozhan Shen , Peng Liu , Jingcheng Li , Chunxin Fang , Yibo Ma , Jiajia Liao , Qiaoli Shen , Zilun Zhang , Kangjia Zhao , Qianqian Zhang , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) represent a significant frontier in embodied intelligence, aiming to bridge digital knowledge with physical-world interaction. Despite their remarkable performance, foundational VLAs are hindered by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhaoshu Yu , Bo Wang , Pengpeng Zeng , Haonan Zhang , Ji Zhang , Zheng Wang , Lianli Gao , Jingkuan Song , Nicu Sebe , Heng Tao Shen

Moving beyond the traditional paradigm of adapting internet-pretrained models to physical tasks, we present DM0, an Embodied-Native Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework designed for Physical AI. Unlike approaches that treat physical…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) provides a powerful framework for training robotic agents using pre-collected, suboptimal datasets, eliminating the need for costly, time-consuming, and potentially hazardous online interactions. This is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Tung M. Luu , Donghoon Lee , Younghwan Lee , Chang D. Yoo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently become highly prominent in the field of robotics. Leveraging vision-language foundation models trained on large-scale internet data, the VLA model can generate robotic actions directly from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Wei Zhao , Gongsheng Li , Zhefei Gong , Pengxiang Ding , Han Zhao , Donglin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models aim to control robots for manipulation from visual observations and natural-language instructions. However, existing hierarchical and autoregressive paradigms often introduce architectural overhead,…

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models based on flow matching have shown excellent performance in general-purpose robotic manipulation tasks. However, the action accuracy of these models on complex downstream tasks is unsatisfactory. One…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Hongyin Zhang , Shiyuan Zhang , Junxi Jin , Qixin Zeng , Yifan Qiao , Hongchao Lu , Donglin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently made significant advance in multi-task, end-to-end robotic control, due to the strong generalization capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). A fundamental challenge in developing such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuqing Wen , Kefan Gu , Haoxuan Liu , Yucheng Zhao , Tiancai Wang , Haoqiang Fan , Xiaoyan Sun

Establishing a reliable and iteratively refined robotic system is essential for deploying real-world applications. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are widely recognized as the foundation model for such robotic deployment, their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Wenke Xia , Yichu Yang , Hongtao Wu , Xiao Ma , Tao Kong , Di Hu

Online reinforcement learning (RL) with sparse rewards poses a challenge partly because of the lack of feedback on states leading to the goal. Furthermore, expert offline data with reward signal is rarely available to provide this feedback…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Nitish Dashora , Dibya Ghosh , Sergey Levine

A well-designed reward is critical for effective reinforcement learning-based policy improvement. In real-world robotics, obtaining such rewards typically requires either labor-intensive human labeling or brittle, handcrafted objectives.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tony Lee , Andrew Wagenmaker , Karl Pertsch , Percy Liang , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently achieved notable progress in end-to-end autonomous driving by integrating perception, reasoning, and control within a unified multimodal framework. However, they often lack explicit modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Guoqing Wang , Pin Tang , Xiangxuan Ren , Guodongfang Zhao , Bailan Feng , Chao Ma

Reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning has shown promise for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models in robotic manipulation, but deployment-time visual shifts pose practical challenges. A key difficulty is that standard task rewards supervise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuanfang Peng , Jingjing Fu , Chuheng Zhang , Li Zhao , Jiang Bian , Mingyu Liu , Ling Zhang , Jun Zhang , Rui Wang

The remarkable advancements of vision and language foundation models in multimodal understanding, reasoning, and generation has sparked growing efforts to extend such intelligence to the physical world, fueling the flourishing of…

We introduce RynnVLA-002, a unified Vision-Language-Action (VLA) and world model. The world model leverages action and visual inputs to predict future image states, learning the underlying physics of the environment to refine action…

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently advanced robotic manipulation by leveraging vision for scene perception and language for instruction following. However, existing methods rely heavily on costly human-annotated training…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a promising foundation for general-purpose robotics. However, their successful deployment in real-world scenarios requires the ability to continually acquire new skills while retaining previously…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiarun Zhu , Yijun Hong , Xiaoquan Sun , Zetian Xu , Mingqi Yuan , Zhiyong Wang , Wenjun Zeng , Jiayu Chen

Reasoning Vision Language Action (VLA) models improve robotic instruction-following by generating step-by-step textual plans before low-level actions, an approach inspired by Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language models. Yet even…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yilin Wu , Anqi Li , Tucker Hermans , Fabio Ramos , Andrea Bajcsy , Claudia Pérez-D'Arpino

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for robot learning by integrating visual perception with language-guided policy learning. However, most existing approaches rely on 2D visual inputs to perform actions in 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yicheng Feng , Wanpeng Zhang , Ye Wang , Hao Luo , Haoqi Yuan , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu
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