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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically plausible framework for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing. However, it is a challenge to train SNNs due to their non-differentiability, efficiently. Existing gradient approximation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Changqing Xu , Ziqiang Yang , Yi Liu , Xinfang Liao , Guiqi Mo , Hao Zeng , Yintang Yang

The physics-informed neural network (PINN) is effective in solving the partial differential equation (PDE) by capturing the physics constraints as a part of the training loss function through the Automatic Differentiation (AD). This study…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-02-17 Zixue Xiang , Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Wen Yao

This study presents the conditional neural fields for reduced-order modeling (CNF-ROM) framework to approximate solutions of parametrized partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach combines a parametric neural ODE (PNODE) for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-09 Minji Kim , Tianshu Wen , Kookjin Lee , Youngsoo Choi

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) seek to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) with deep learning. Mainstream approaches that deploy fully-connected multi-layer deep learning architectures require prolonged training to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shaghayegh Fazliani , Zachary Frangella , Madeleine Udell

The DC Optimal Power Flow (DC-OPF) problem is fundamental to power system operations, requiring rapid solutions for real-time grid management. While traditional optimization solvers provide optimal solutions, their computational cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Kshitiz Khanal

This paper presents a novel phase-field-based methodology for solving minimum compliance problems in topology optimization under fixed external loads and body forces. The proposed framework characterizes the optimal structure through an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Huangxin Chen , Piaopiao Dong , Dong Wang , Xiao-Ping Wang

The Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck (VPFP) system is a fundamental model in plasma physics that describes the Brownian motion of a large ensemble of particles within a surrounding bath. Under the high-field scaling, both collision and field…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-11 Shi Jin , Zheng Ma , Tian-ai Zhang

The fusion of artificial intelligence (AI) with physics-guided frameworks has opened transformative avenues for advancing the design and optimization of electromagnetic and nanophotonic systems. Innovations in deep neural networks (DNNs)…

Attentio-FFN disaggregation (AFD) is an emerging architecture for LLM decoding that separates state-heavy, KV-cache-dominated Attention computation from stateless, compute-intensive FFN computation, connected by per-step communication.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Chendong Song , Meixuan Wang , Hang Zhou , Hong Liang , Yuan Lyu , Zixi Chen , Yuwei Fan , Zijie Zhou

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have lately received significant attention as a representative deep learning-based technique for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Most fully connected network-based PINNs use automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zixue Xiang , Wei Peng , Wen Yao

Lattice field theory (LFT) simulations underpin advances in classical statistical mechanics and quantum field theory, providing a unified computational framework across particle, nuclear, and condensed matter physics. However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Meng Xu , Jichang Yang , Ning Lin , Qundao Xu , Siqi Tang , Han Wang , Xiaojuan Qi , Zhongrui Wang , Ming Xu

An evolutionary multi-objective aerodynamic design optimization method using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations incorporating deep neural network (DNN) to reduce the required computational time is proposed. In this approach,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-01 Yukito Tsunoda , Akira Oyama

We propose an end-to-end framework based on a Graph Neural Network (GNN) to balance the power flows in energy grids. The balancing is framed as a supervised vertex regression task, where the GNN is trained to predict the current and power…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Jonas Berg Hansen , Stian Normann Anfinsen , Filippo Maria Bianchi

The energy transition is driving the integration of large shares of intermittent power sources in the electric power grid. Therefore, addressing the AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) effectively becomes increasingly essential. The AC-OPF,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Anna Varbella , Damien Briens , Blazhe Gjorgiev , Giuseppe Alessio D'Inverno , Giovanni Sansavini

Designing controllers that achieve task objectives while ensuring safety is a key challenge in control systems. This work introduces Opt-ODENet, a Neural ODE framework with a differentiable Quadratic Programming (QP) optimization layer to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Keyan Miao , Liqun Zhao , Han Wang , Konstantinos Gatsis , Antonis Papachristodoulou

We propose a direct mesh-free method for performing topology optimization by integrating a density field approximation neural network with a displacement field approximation neural network. We show that this direct integration approach can…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Aditya Joglekar , Hongrui Chen , Levent Burak Kara

We propose a hybrid framework opPINN: physics-informed neural network (PINN) with operator learning for approximating the solution to the Fokker-Planck-Landau (FPL) equation. The opPINN framework is divided into two steps: Step 1 and Step…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Jae Yong Lee , Juhi Jang , Hyung Ju Hwang

This paper presents a unified framework for codifying and automating optimization strategies to efficiently deploy deep neural networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained hardware, such as FPGAs, while maintaining high performance, accuracy,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Zhiqiang Que , Jose G. F. Coutinho , Ce Guo , Hongxiang Fan , Wayne Luk

Solving high-dimensional Fokker-Planck (FP) equations is a challenge in computational physics and stochastic dynamics, due to the curse of dimensionality (CoD) and unbounded domains. Existing deep learning approaches, such as…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Xiaolong Wu , Qifeng Liao

Parametric optimal control problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) are widely found in scientific and engineering applications. Traditional grid-based numerical methods for such problems generally require repeated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Pengfei Yin , Guangqiang Xiao , Kejun Tang , Chao Yang