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This paper proposes a hardware-software co-design approach to efficiently optimize beamforming and port selection in fluid antenna systems (FASs). To begin with, a fluid-antenna (FA)-enabled downlink multi-cell multiple-input…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Sai Xu , Kai-Kit Wong , Yanan Du , Hanjiang Hong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong

Since hybrid beamforming (HBF) can approach the performance of fully-digital beamforming (FDBF) with much lower hardware complexity, we investigate the HBF design for beam-hopping (BH) low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jing Wang , Chenhao Qi , Shui Yu , Shiwen Mao

In millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems, existing hybrid beamforming solutions generally require a large number of high-resolution phase shifters (PSs) to realize analog beamformers, which still suffer from high hardware…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-19 Ming Li , Zihuan Wang , Hongyu Li , Qian Liu , Liang Zhou

A transmit pinching-antenna system (T-PASS) framework is proposed, in which a single pinched waveguide is employed to jointly serve one wired user equipment (UE) and multiple wireless UEs. The signal radiated by the pinching antennas (PAs)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Deqiao Gan , Chongjun Ouyang , Yuanwei Liu , Xiaohu Ge

A novel concept of waveguide division multiple access (WDMA) is proposed for multi-user pinching-antenna systems (PASS). The key principle of WDMA is to allocate each user with a dedicated waveguide, which is regarded as a new type of radio…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Jingjing Zhao , Xidong Mu , Kaiquan Cai , Yanbo Zhu , Yuanwei Liu

Pinching-antenna systems have recently emerged as a promising solution for enhancing coverage in high-frequency wireless communications by guiding signals through dielectric waveguides and radiating them via position-adjustable antennas.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Hao Feng , Ming Zeng , Ebrahim Bedeer , Xingwang Li , Octavia A. Dobre , Zhiguo Ding

Pinching-antenna systems (PASS) have been recently proposed to improve the performance of wireless networks by reconfiguring both the large-scale and small-scale channel conditions. However, existing studies ignore the physical constraints…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Yiming Xu , Dongfang Xu , Xianghao Yu , Shenghui Song , Zhiguo Ding , Robert Schober

In this paper, we investigate the hybrid beamforming design for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, where a multi-antenna base station (BS) with hybrid analog-digital transmit antenna…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Yizhuo Wang , Shuowen Zhang

In millimeter-wave communication systems with large-scale antenna arrays, conventional digital beamforming may not be cost-effective. A promising solution is the implementation of hybrid beamforming techniques, which consist of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Jaein Kim , Seok-Hwan Park , Osvaldo Simeone , Inkyu Lee , Shlomo Shamai

In this correspondence, we propose a movable antenna (MA)-aided multi-user hybrid beamforming scheme with a sub-connected structure, where multiple movable sub-arrays can independently change their positions within different local regions.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Zhang , Lipeng Zhu , Sa Xiao , Wanbin Tang , Yonina C. Eldar , Rui Zhang

Beamforming is central to the processing function of all phased arrays and becomes particularly challenging with a large number of antenna element (e.g. >100,000). The ability to beamform efficiently with reasonable power requirements is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-25 A J Faulkner , K Zarb Adami , J. G. Bij de Vaate , G. W. Kant , P. Pickard

The combination of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is envisioned as a promising paradigm to improve network capacity and enhance coverage capability. However, to reap…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Xinying Ma , Deyou Zhang , Ming Xiao , Chongwen Huang , Zhi Chen

In this paper, we aim at maximizing the weighted sum-rate (WSR) of rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) in multi-user multi-antenna transmission networks through the joint optimization of rate allocation and beamforming. Unlike…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Tianyu Fang , Yijie Mao

Beamforming with a sufficient number of antennas is one of the most significant technologies for both Multi-user (MU) Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) communication and MIMO radar sensing in Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Jiangong Chen , Xia Lei , Yuchen Zhang , Kaitao Meng , Christos Masouros

Hybrid precoding has been recently proposed as a cost-effective transceiver solution for millimeter wave (mm-wave) systems. While the number of radio frequency (RF) chains has been effectively reduced in existing works, a large number of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Joint communications and sensing (JCAS) is envisioned as a key feature in future wireless communications networks. In massive MIMO-JCAS systems, hybrid beamforming (HBF) is typically employed to achieve satisfactory beamforming gains with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Ly V. Nguyen , Nir Shlezinger , Yonina C. Eldar , A. Lee Swindlehurst , Markku Juntti

We investigate the beam squint effect in uniform planar arrays (UPAs) and propose an efficient hybrid beamforming (HBF) design to mitigate the beam squint in multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Mengyuan Ma , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Markku Juntti

Hybrid beamforming via large antenna arrays has shown a great potential for increasing data rate in cellular networks by delivering multiple data streams simultaneously. In this paper, several beamforming design algorithms are proposed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Shahram Shahsavari , S. Amir Hosseini , Chris Ng , Elza Erkip

The pinching-antenna systems (PASS) enable blockage mitigation in urban micro (UMi) networks through flexible antenna placement. However, the joint optimization of antenna positions and beamforming precoding is inherently nonconvex and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Qiushi Zhao , Zihan Feng , Ximing Xie , Hao Qin , Yuanwei Liu , Xingqi Zhang

A novel scalable pixel-based reconfigurable beamforming network (PRBFN) that can be used to form a Fluid Antenna System (FAS), referred to as a PRBFN-FAS, is introduced. The concept of FAS has emerged as an attractive new technology for use…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Jichen Zhang , Junhui Rao , Tianqu Kang , Zhaoyang Ming , Yijun Chen , Alikhan Umirbayev , Chi-Yuk Chiu , Ross Murch