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The potential for Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate new information offers a potential step change for research and innovation. This is challenging to assert as it can be difficult to determine what an LLM has previously seen during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Thomas Greatrix , Roger Whitaker , Liam Turner , Walter Colombo

Large language models (LLMs) exhibiting test-time scaling behavior, such as extended reasoning traces and self-verification, have demonstrated remarkable performance on complex, long-term reasoning tasks. However, the robustness of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Gleb Rodionov

The collection and curation of high-quality training data is crucial for developing text classification models with superior performance, but it is often associated with significant costs and time investment. Researchers have recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zhuoyan Li , Hangxiao Zhu , Zhuoran Lu , Ming Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in manipulating natural language across multiple applications, but their ability to handle simple reasoning tasks is often questioned. In this work, we aim to provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Alessandro Raganato , Rafael Peñaloza , Marco Viviani , Gabriella Pasi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for software development tasks such as code completion, translation, and optimization. However, their ability to generate efficient and correct code, particularly in complex…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Bowen Cui , Tejas Ramesh , Oscar Hernandez , Keren Zhou

The advent of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has enabled significant performance gains in the field of natural language processing. However, recent studies have found PLMs to suffer from miscalibration, indicating a lack of accuracy in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Geetanjali Bihani , Julia Rayz

Low-resource languages pose a challenge for machine translation with large language models (LLMs), which require large amounts of training data. One potential way to circumvent this data dependence is to rely on LLMs' ability to use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jackson Petty , Jaulie Goe , Tal Linzen

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, recent studies suggest that they still face challenges in performing fundamental NLP tasks essential for deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ziyan Zhang , Yang Hou , Chen Gong , Zhenghua Li

Large language models (LLMs) show an innate skill for solving language based tasks. But insights have suggested an inability to adjust for information or task-solving skills becoming outdated, as their knowledge, stored directly within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jerry Huang , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Sarath Chandar

Large Language Models are expressive tools that enable complex tasks of text understanding within Computational Social Science. Their versatility, while beneficial, poses a barrier for establishing standardized best practices within the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Anders Giovanni Møller , Luca Maria Aiello

Large Language models (LLMs) can generate complicated source code from natural language prompts. However, LLMs can generate output that deviates from what the user wants, requiring supervision and editing. To support this process, we offer…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 David Gros , Prem Devanbu

Recent advances in Language Models (LMs) have failed to mask their shortcomings particularly in the domain of reasoning. This limitation impacts several tasks, most notably those involving ontology engineering. As part of a PhD research, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Hanna Abi Akl

Large language models (LLMs) and transformer-based architectures are increasingly utilized for source code analysis. As software systems grow in complexity, integrating LLMs into code analysis workflows becomes essential for enhancing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hamed Jelodar , Mohammad Meymani , Roozbeh Razavi-Far

Code Large Language Models (CLLMs) have exhibited outstanding performance in program synthesis, attracting the focus of the research community. The evaluation of CLLM's program synthesis capability has generally relied on manually curated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Longtian Wang , Tianlin Li , Xiaofei Xie , Yuhan Zhi , Jian Wang , Chao Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great promise in generating code, especially when used inside an evolutionary computation framework to iteratively optimize the generated algorithms. However, in some cases they fail to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Niki van Stein , Anna V. Kononova , Lars Kotthoff , Thomas Bäck

This survey reviews how large language models (LLMs) are transforming synthetic training data generation in both natural language and code domains. By producing artificial but task-relevant examples, these models can significantly augment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Mihai Nadas , Laura Diosan , Andreea Tomescu

This work investigated the capabilities of different models, including the Llama-3 series of models and CHATGPT, with different forms of expression in solving discrete optimization problems by testing natural language datasets. In contrast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tianhao Qian , Guilin Qi , Z. Y. Wu , Ran Gu , Xuanyi Liu , Canchen Lyu

Recent large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive reasoning milestones but continue to struggle with high computational costs, logical inconsistencies, and sharp performance degradation on high-complexity problems. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Adam Ishay , Joohyung Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code, but can they generate fast code for complex, real-world software systems? In this study, we investigate this question using a dataset of 65 tasks mined from performance-critical open-source…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Lirong Yi , Gregory Gay , Philipp Leitner

Efforts to apply transformer-based language models (TLMs) to the problem of reasoning in natural language have enjoyed ever-increasing success in recent years. The most fundamental task in this area to which nearly all others can be reduced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Tharindu Madusanka , Ian Pratt-Hartmann , Riza Batista-Navarro