English
Related papers

Related papers: Node-Level Uncertainty Estimation in LLM-Generated…

200 papers

Large language model (LLM) evaluations often assume there is a single correct response -- a gold label -- for each item in the evaluation corpus. However, some tasks can be ambiguous -- i.e., they provide insufficient information to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Luke Guerdan , Hanna Wallach , Solon Barocas , Alexandra Chouldechova

Learning from noisy labels (LNL) is crucial in deep learning, in which one of the approaches is to identify clean-label samples from poorly-annotated datasets. Such an identification is challenging because the conventional LNL problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Cuong Nguyen , Thanh-Toan Do , Gustavo Carneiro

Simulation-based inference techniques are indispensable for parameter estimation of mechanistic and simulable models with intractable likelihoods. While traditional statistical approaches like approximate Bayesian computation and Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-08 Ryan P. Kelly , David J. Nott , David T. Frazier , David J. Warne , Chris Drovandi

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable performance as zero-shot task planners for robotic manipulation tasks. However, the open-loop nature of previous works makes LLM-based planning error-prone and fragile. On the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhi Zheng , Qian Feng , Hang Li , Alois Knoll , Jianxiang Feng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains where errors carry high social, scientific, or safety costs. Yet standard confidence estimators, such as token likelihood, semantic similarity and multi-sample consistency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Pengyue Yang , Jiawen Wen , Haolin Jin , Linghan Huang , Huaming Chen , Ling Chen

Deep learning has achieved impressive performance on many tasks in recent years. However, it has been found that it is still not enough for deep neural networks to provide only point estimates. For high-risk tasks, we need to assess the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Yuandu Lai , Yucheng Shi , Yahong Han , Yunfeng Shao , Meiyu Qi , Bingshuai Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across diverse domains, yet they are prone to generating factually incorrect outputs - commonly known as "hallucinations." Among existing mitigation strategies, uncertainty-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Samir Abdaljalil , Hasan Kurban , Parichit Sharma , Erchin Serpedin , Rachad Atat

Reliable quantification of uncertainty in Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) point clouds is essential for ensuring the accuracy and credibility of downstream applications such as 3D mapping, modeling, and change analysis. Traditional backward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ziyang Xu , Olaf Wysocki , Christoph Holst

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive generative capabilities across diverse tasks but remain susceptible to hallucinations, confidently generated yet factually incorrect outputs. We introduce a reference-free,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Keshav Kumar

As neural networks become more popular, the need for accompanying uncertainty estimates increases. There are currently two main approaches to test the quality of these estimates. Most methods output a density. They can be compared by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Laurens Sluijterman , Eric Cator , Tom Heskes

The problem of fully supervised classification is that it requires a tremendous amount of annotated data, however, in many datasets a large portion of data is unlabeled. To alleviate this problem semi-supervised learning (SSL) leverages the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Ehsan Kazemi

LLM-as-a-judge has become a promising paradigm for using large language models (LLMs) to evaluate natural language generation (NLG), but the uncertainty of its evaluation remains underexplored. This lack of reliability may limit its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Huanxin Sheng , Xinyi Liu , Hangfeng He , Jieyu Zhao , Jian Kang

Current person image retrieval methods have achieved great improvements in accuracy metrics. However, they rarely describe the reliability of the prediction. In this paper, we propose an Uncertainty-Aware Learning (UAL) method to remedy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Zhaopeng Dou , Zhongdao Wang , Weihua Chen , Yali Li , Shengjin Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often lack meaningful confidence estimates for their outputs. While base LLMs are known to exhibit next-token calibration, it remains unclear whether they can assess confidence in the actual meaning of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Preetum Nakkiran , Arwen Bradley , Adam Goliński , Eugene Ndiaye , Michael Kirchhof , Sinead Williamson

Large language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant breakthroughs across diverse domains; however, they can still produce unreliable or misleading outputs. For responsible LLM application, Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) techniques are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qihao Wen , Jiahao Wang , Yang Nan , Pengfei He , Ravi Tandon , Han Xu

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, understanding and quantifying the uncertainty in their predictions is critical for enhancing application credibility. However, the existing literature relevant to LLM uncertainty…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Yutong Yang , Zhaoxi Zhang , Sanwoo Lee , Yunfang Wu

This paper introduces a scalable Anomaly Detection Service with a generalizable API tailored for industrial time-series data, designed to assist Site Reliability Engineers (SREs) in managing cloud infrastructure. The service enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Nimesh Jha , Shuxin Lin , Srideepika Jayaraman , Kyle Frohling , Christodoulos Constantinides , Dhaval Patel

The recent research in semi-supervised learning (SSL) is mostly dominated by consistency regularization based methods which achieve strong performance. However, they heavily rely on domain-specific data augmentations, which are not easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S Rawat , Mubarak Shah

Deploying LLMs raises two coupled challenges: (1) monitoring--estimating where a model underperforms as traffic and domains drift--and (2) improvement--prioritizing data acquisition to close the largest performance gaps. We test whether an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pedro Memoli Buffa , Luciano Del Corro

Text-to-SQL translates natural language questions into executable SQL queries, enabling intuitive database access for non-experts. While large language models achieve strong performance on Text-to-SQL with prompting, they still struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhao Tan , Xiping Liu , Qing Shu , Qizhi Wan , Dexi Liu , Changxuan Wan