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While statistical learning methods have proved powerful tools for predictive modeling, the black-box nature of the models they produce can severely limit their interpretability and the ability to conduct formal inference. However, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-30 Lucas Mentch , Giles Hooker

This paper proposes a local representation for Empirical Likelihood (EL). EL admits the classical local linear quadratic representation by its likelihood ratio property. A local estimator is derived by using the new representation.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-03-27 Zhengyuan Gao

This paper develops empirical likelihood methodology for irregularly spaced spatial data in the frequency domain. Unlike the frequency domain empirical likelihood (FDEL) methodology for time series (on a regular grid), the formulation of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-18 Soutir Bandyopadhyay , Soumendra N. Lahiri , Daniel J. Nordman

Tree-based priors for probability distributions are usually specified using a predetermined, data-independent collection of candidate recursive partitions of the sample space. To characterize an unknown target density in detail over the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Li Ma , Benedetta Bruni

The challenges posed by complex stochastic models used in computational ecology, biology and genetics have stimulated the development of approximate approaches to statistical inference. Here we focus on Synthetic Likelihood (SL), a…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-09 Matteo Fasiolo , Simon N. Wood , Florian Hartig , Mark V. Bravington

We propose a sampling scheme suitable for reducing a data set prior to selecting a hypothesis with minimum empirical risk. The sampling only considers a subset of the ultimate (unknown) hypothesis set, but can nonetheless guarantee that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-25 Paul Mineiro , Nikos Karampatziakis

We study various types of consistency of honest decision trees and random forests in the regression setting. In contrast to related literature, our proofs are elementary and follow the classical arguments used for smoothing methods. Under…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Martin Bladt , Rasmus Frigaard Lemvig

For linear models with spatial errors, the empirical likelihood ratio statistics are constructed for the parameters of the models. It is shown that the limiting distributions of the empirical likelihood ratio statistics are chi-squared…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-28 Yongsong Qin

In this paper we are interested in empirical likelihood (EL) as a method of estimation, and we address the following two problems: (1) selecting among various empirical discrepancies in an EL framework and (2) demonstrating that EL has a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-25 Marian Grendár , George Judge

Random forests have proven to be reliable predictive algorithms in many application areas. Not much is known, however, about the statistical properties of random forests. Several authors have established conditions under which their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-05 Stefan Wager

Population quantiles and their functions are important parameters in many applications. For example, the lower quantiles often serve as crucial quality indices for forestry products. Given several independent samples from populations…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-14 Jiahua Chen , Yukun Liu

Random forests are a learning algorithm proposed by Breiman [Mach. Learn. 45 (2001) 5--32] that combines several randomized decision trees and aggregates their predictions by averaging. Despite its wide usage and outstanding practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Erwan Scornet , Gérard Biau , Jean-Philippe Vert

A common approach to aggregate classification estimates in an ensemble of decision trees is to either use voting or to average the probabilities for each class. The latter takes uncertainty into account, but not the reliability of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Florian Busch , Moritz Kulessa , Eneldo Loza Mencía , Hendrik Blockeel

While globally optimal empirical risk minimization (ERM) decision trees have become computationally feasible and empirically successful, rigorous theoretical guarantees for their statistical performance remain limited. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-17 Zineng Xu , Subhro Ghosh , Yan Shuo Tan

Throughout the last decade, random forests have established themselves as among the most accurate and popular supervised learning methods. While their black-box nature has made their mathematical analysis difficult, recent work has…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-10 Tim Coleman , Wei Peng , Lucas Mentch

In this paper we consider the problem of inference in statistical models characterized by moment restrictions by casting the problem within the Exponentially Tilted Empirical Likelihood (ETEL) framework. Because the ETEL function has a well…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-10 Siddhartha Chib , Minchul Shin , Anna Simoni

Ensemble methods that average over a collection of independent predictors that are each limited to a subsampling of both the examples and features of the training data command a significant presence in machine learning, such as the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-26 Daniel LeJeune , Hamid Javadi , Richard G. Baraniuk

We derive ensembles of decision trees through a nonparametric Bayesian model, allowing us to view random forests as samples from a posterior distribution. This insight provides large gains in interpretability, and motivates a class of…

Applications · Statistics 2015-05-19 Matt Taddy , Chun-Sheng Chen , Jun Yu , Mitch Wyle

In this study, we introduce a novel methodological framework called Bayesian Penalized Empirical Likelihood (BPEL), designed to address the computational challenges inherent in empirical likelihood (EL) approaches. Our approach has two…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-04 Jinyuan Chang , Cheng Yong Tang , Yuanzheng Zhu

Subsampling techniques can reduce the computational costs of processing big data. Practical subsampling plans typically involve initial uniform sampling and refined sampling. With a subsample, big data inferences are generally built on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-13 Yan Fan , Yang Liu , Yukun Liu , Jing Qin