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Advances in AI agent capabilities have outpaced users' ability to meaningfully oversee their execution. AI agents can perform sophisticated, multi-step knowledge work autonomously from start to finish, yet this process remains effectively…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Sadra Sabouri , Zeinabsadat Saghi , Run Huang , Sujay Maladi , Esmeralda Eufracio , Sumit Gulwani , Souti Chattopadhyay

Agentic AI systems, specifically LLM-driven agents that plan, invoke tools, maintain persistent memory, and delegate tasks to peer agents via protocols such as MCP and A2A, introduce a threat surface that differs materially from standalone…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Javad Forough , Marios Kogias , Hamed Haddadi

Authorizing Large Language Model (LLM)-driven agents to dynamically invoke tools and access protected resources introduces significant security risks, and the risks grow dramatically as agents engage in multi-turn conversations and scale…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Majed El Helou , Benjamin Ryder , Chiara Troiani , Jean Diaconu , Hervé Muyal , Marcelo Yannuzzi

AI-based defensive solutions are necessary to defend networks and information assets against intelligent automated attacks. Gathering enough realistic data for training machine learning-based defenses is a significant practical challenge.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Kalle Kujanpää , Willie Victor , Alexander Ilin

Personalization has become an essential capability in modern AI systems, enabling customized interactions that align with individual user preferences, contexts, and goals. Recent research has increasingly concentrated on Retrieval-Augmented…

Autonomous AI agents now operate across cloud, enterprise, and decentralized domains, creating demand for registry infrastructures that enable trustworthy discovery, capability negotiation, and identity assurance. We analyze five prominent…

As AI agents proliferate across industries and applications, evaluating their performance based solely on infrastructural metrics such as latency, time-to-first-token, or token throughput is proving insufficient. These metrics fail to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Waseem AlShikh , Muayad Sayed Ali , Brian Kennedy , Dmytro Mozolevskyi

Prompt injection is the most critical vulnerability in deployed AI agents. Despite recent progress, we show that the prevailing defense paradigm (data-instruction separation) both fails to detect attacks that operate through contextual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sahar Abdelnabi , Eugene Bagdasarian

As AI agents transition from research prototypes to enterprise production systems, the tool interfaces they consume remain rooted in human-oriented CRUD paradigms. This paper identifies five fundamental architectural mismatches between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Kai Pan

Agentic AI systems are entering software engineering workflows, yet empirical evidence on how industrial organizations actually adopt them remains sparse. We present a qualitative interview study with sixteen practitioners across twelve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Spyridon Alvanakis Apostolou , Jan Bosch , Helena Holmström Olsson

An Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent is a software entity that autonomously performs tasks or makes decisions based on pre-defined objectives and data inputs. AI agents, capable of perceiving user inputs, reasoning and planning tasks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zehang Deng , Yongjian Guo , Changzhou Han , Wanlun Ma , Junwu Xiong , Sheng Wen , Yang Xiang

Autonomous AI agents powered by large language models are being deployed in production with capabilities including shell execution, file system access, database queries, and multi-party communication. Recent red teaming research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Saikat Maiti

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

AI agents are AI systems that can achieve complex goals autonomously. Assessing the level of agent autonomy is crucial for understanding both their potential benefits and risks. Current assessments of autonomy often focus on specific risks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Peter Cihon , Merlin Stein , Gagan Bansal , Sam Manning , Kevin Xu

Recent studies reveal gaps in delegating critical tasks to agentic AI that accesses websites on the user's behalf, primarily due to limited access control mechanisms on websites designed for agentic AI. In response, we propose a design of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Sunyoung Kim , Hokeun Kim

Significant digitalization of financial services in a short period of time has led to an urgent demand to have autonomous, transparent and real-time credit risk decision making systems. The traditional machine learning models are effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Chandra Sekhar Kubam

As AI agents increasingly operate in complex environments, ensuring reliable, context-aware privacy is critical for regulatory compliance. Traditional access controls are insufficient because privacy risks often arise after access is…

With the rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), an increasing number of studies have leveraged LLMs as the cognitive core of agents to address complex task decision-making challenges. Specially, recent research has demonstrated…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Di Zhao , Longhui Ma , Siwei Wang , Miao Wang , Zhao Lv

AI agents dynamically acquire tools, orchestrate sub-agents, and transact across organizational boundaries, yet no existing security layer verifies what an agent can do, whether it executed what it claims, or what happened in a multi-agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Ziling Zhou

From software development to robot control, modern agentic systems decompose complex objectives into a sequence of subtasks and choose a set of specialized AI agents to complete them. We formalize agentic workflows as directed acyclic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Guruprerana Shabadi , Rajeev Alur