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Enterprise networks are growing ever larger with a rapidly expanding attack surface, increasing the volume of security alerts generated from security controls. Security Operations Centre (SOC) analysts triage these alerts to identify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Melissa Turcotte , François Labrèche , Serge-Olivier Paquette

AI agents are increasingly deployed to automate complex enterprise workflows, yet evidence of their effectiveness in identity governance is limited. We report results from the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating an AI agent…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-19 James Bono , Beibei Cheng , Joaquin Lozano

As generative AI (GAI) tools become increasingly integrated into workplace environments, it is essential to measure their impact on productivity across specific domains. This study evaluates the effects of Microsoft's Security Copilot…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-13 James Bono , Alec Xu

In this paper we employ quantitative measurements of cognitive vulnerability triggers in phishing emails to predict the degree of success of an attack. To achieve this we rely on the cognitive psychology literature and develop an automated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Amber van der Heijden , Luca Allodi

In this paper, we evaluate the capability of large language models to conduct personalized phishing attacks and compare their performance with human experts and AI models from last year. We include four email groups with a combined total of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Fred Heiding , Simon Lermen , Andrew Kao , Bruce Schneier , Arun Vishwanath

"Alert fatigue" is one of the biggest challenges faced by the Security Operations Center (SOC) today, with analysts spending more than half of their time reviewing false alerts. Endpoint detection products raise alerts by pattern matching…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Jonathan Oliver , Raghav Batta , Adam Bates , Muhammad Adil Inam , Shelly Mehta , Shugao Xia

The growing sophistication of modern malware and phishing campaigns has diminished the effectiveness of traditional signature-based intrusion detection systems. This work presents SecureScan, an AI-driven, triple-layer detection framework…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Rumman Firdos , Aman Dangi

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect phishing emails is primarily dependent on large-scale centralized datasets, which opens it up to a myriad of privacy, trust, and legal issues. Moreover, organizations are loathed to share…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Chandra Thapa , Jun Wen Tang , Alsharif Abuadbba , Yansong Gao , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal , Mahathir Almashor , Yifeng Zheng

Developments in artificial intelligence (AI) are likely to affect social engineering and change cyber defense operations. The broad and sweeping nature of AI impact means that many aspects of social engineering could be automated,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Krystal A. Jackson

Modern phishing campaigns increasingly evade snapshot-based URL classifiers using interaction gates (e.g., checkbox/slider challenges), delayed content rendering, and logo-less credential harvesters. This shifts URL triage from static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Haolin Zhang , William Reber , Yuxuan Zhang , Guofei Gu , Jeff Huang

In an era where cyber threats are rapidly evolving, the reliability of cyber forensic analysis has become increasingly critical for effective digital investigations and cybersecurity responses. AI agents are being adopted across digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Sneha Sudhakaran , Naresh Kshetri

Phishing emails continue to pose a significant threat, causing financial losses and security breaches. This study addresses limitations in existing research, such as reliance on proprietary datasets and lack of real-world application, by…

Phishing constitutes more than 90\% of successful cyberattacks globally, remaining one of the most persistent threats to organizational security. Despite organizations tripling their cybersecurity budgets between 2015 and 2025, the human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rebeka Toth , Richard A. Dubniczky , Olga Limonova , Norbert Tihanyi

The increase in the number of phishing demands innovative solutions to safeguard users from phishing attacks. This study explores the development and utilization of a real-time browser extension integrated with machine learning model to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Akshaya Arun , Nasr Abosata

Control evaluations measure whether monitoring and security protocols for AI systems prevent intentionally subversive AI models from causing harm. Our work presents the first control evaluation performed in an agent environment. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Aryan Bhatt , Cody Rushing , Adam Kaufman , Tyler Tracy , Vasil Georgiev , David Matolcsi , Akbir Khan , Buck Shlegeris

Security alert screening is the downstream task of filtering, prioritizing, correlating, and contextualizing alerts for analyst attention in Security Operations Centers. This survey reviews artificial-intelligence-driven alert screening and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Samuel Ndichu , Tao Ban , Seiichi Ozawa , Takeshi Takahashi , Daisuke Inoue

Background: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) generates vast data, yet landmark trials (Tele-HF, BEAT-HF) failed because data volume overwhelmed clinical staff. While TIM-HF2 showed 24/7 physician-led monitoring reduces mortality by 30%, this…

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) are pivotal in modern enterprises. Tasked to monitor complex network environments constantly under attack, SOCs can be active 24/7 and can include hundreds of operators supported by state-of-the-art…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jessica Moosmann , Irdin Pekaric , Giovanni Apruzzese

This work studies the applicability of automatic AI agent optimization methods to real-world agents in formal verification settings, focusing on automated theorem proving in Rocq as a representative and challenging domain. We evaluate how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Andrei Kozyrev , Nikita Khramov , Denis Lochmelis , Valerio Morelli , Gleb Solovev , Anton Podkopaev

This study examines how Artificial Intelligence can aid in identifying and mitigating cyber threats in the U.S. across four key areas: intrusion detection, malware classification, phishing detection, and insider threat analysis. Each of…

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