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Many earth science applications require data at both high spatial and temporal resolution for effective monitoring of various ecosystem resources. Due to practical limitations in sensor design, there is often a trade-off in different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Ankush Khandelwal , Anuj Karpatne , Vipin Kumar

We present a multi-modal foundation model for astrophysical galaxy data, designed to map between simulation- and observation-based galactic features. Our encoder-only transformer flexibly ingests scalar quantities (e.g., redshifts, galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-10 Bin Xia , Nesar Ramachandra , Azton I. Wells , Salman Habib , John Wise

Earth observation (EO) missions produce petabytes of multispectral imagery, increasingly analyzed using large Geospatial Foundation Models (GeoFMs). Alongside end-to-end adaptation, workflows make growing use of intermediate representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Luis Gilch , Isabelle Wittmann , Maximilian Nitsche , Johannes Jakubik , Arne Ewald , Thomas Brunschwiler

Multi-modal large language models have demonstrated impressive performance across various tasks in different modalities. However, existing multi-modal models primarily emphasize capturing global information within each modality while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Zhaowei Li , Qi Xu , Dong Zhang , Hang Song , Yiqing Cai , Qi Qi , Ran Zhou , Junting Pan , Zefeng Li , Van Tu Vu , Zhida Huang , Tao Wang

Geometric machine learning models such as graph neural networks have achieved remarkable success in recent years in chemical and materials science research for applications such as high-throughput virtual screening and atomistic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-16 Lingyu Kong , Nima Shoghi , Guoxiang Hu , Pan Li , Victor Fung

Unsupervised multimodal change detection is pivotal for time-sensitive tasks and comprehensive multi-temporal Earth monitoring. In this study, we explore unsupervised multimodal change detection between two key remote sensing data sources:…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-18 Hongruixuan Chen , Jian Song , Naoto Yokoya

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Foundation models (FMs), pre-trained on massive unlabelled datasets, have the potential to drastically change AI applications in ocean science, where labelled data are often sparse and expensive to collect. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Geoffrey Dawson , Remy Vandaele , Andrew Taylor , David Moffat , Helen Tamura-Wicks , Sarah Jackson , Rosie Lickorish , Paolo Fraccaro , Hywel Williams , Chunbo Luo , Anne Jones

Functional connectivity (FC) derived from resting-state fMRI plays a critical role in personalized predictions such as age and cognitive performance. However, applying foundation models(FM) to fMRI data remains challenging due to its high…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-26 Yanwen Wang , Xinglin Zhao , Yijin Song , Xiaobo Liu , Yanrong Hao , Rui Cao , Xin Wen

Online change detection is crucial for mobile robots to efficiently navigate through dynamic environments. Detecting changes in transient settings, such as active construction sites or frequently reconfigured indoor spaces, is particularly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Seoyeon Jang , Alex Junho Lee , I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Hyun Myung

Foundation models have revolutionized artificial intelligence, setting new benchmarks in performance and enabling transformative capabilities across a wide range of vision and language tasks. However, despite the prevalence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Adam Goodge , Wee Siong Ng , Bryan Hooi , See Kiong Ng

We propose ObjMST, an object-focused multimodal style transfer framework that provides separate style supervision for salient objects and surrounding elements while addressing alignment issues in multimodal representation learning. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Chanda Grover Kamra , Indra Deep Mastan , Debayan Gupta

Learning-based inertial odometry has achieved remarkable progress in pedestrian navigation. However, extending these methods to quadruped robots remains challenging due to their distinct and highly dynamic motion patterns. Models that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Dehan Shen , Changhao Chen

Humans understand the world through the integration of multiple sensory modalities, enabling them to perceive, reason about, and imagine dynamic physical processes. Inspired by this capability, multimodal foundation models (MFMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xuehai He

Extreme amodal detection is the task of inferring the 2D location of objects that are not fully visible in the input image but are visible within an expanded field-of-view. This differs from amodal detection, where the object is partially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Changlin Song , Yunzhong Hou , Michael Randall Barnes , Rahul Shome , Dylan Campbell

Earth embedding models transform Earth observation data into embeddings uniquely tied to locations on the Earth's surface. These models are typically evaluated in isolation, comparing the downstream task performance across different Earth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Thijs L van der Plas , Jacob JW Bakermans , Vishal Nedungadi , Gabrielė Tijūnaitytė , Marc Rußwurm , Ioannis N Athanasiadis

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to rapidly evolve, the realm of Earth and atmospheric sciences is increasingly adopting data-driven models, powered by progressive developments in deep learning (DL). Specifically, DL techniques are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Shengchao Chen , Guodong Long , Jing Jiang , Dikai Liu , Chengqi Zhang

Multimodal multitask learning has attracted an increasing interest in recent years. Singlemodal models have been advancing rapidly and have achieved astonishing results on various tasks across multiple domains. Multimodal learning offers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ye Xue , Diego Klabjan , Jean Utke

High spectral resolution imagery of the Earth's surface enables users to monitor changes over time in fine-grained scale, playing an increasingly important role in agriculture, defense, and emergency response. However, most current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Meiqi Hu , Chen Wu , Liangpei Zhang

There is a gap in the understanding of occluded objects in existing large-scale visual language multi-modal models. Current state-of-the-art multi-modal models fail to provide satisfactory results in describing occluded objects through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Shuxin Yang , Xinhan Di

The reconstruction of ocean subsurface temperature (OST) using satellite remote sensing data holds significant scientific value for advancing the understanding of ocean dynamics and climate variability. However, the scarcity of subsurface…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Ming Shan Loo , Wengen Li , Xudong Jiang , Hailiang Cheng , Zhifei Zhang , Jihong Guan , Yichao Zhang