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Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for 3D medical image generation, yet bridging the gap between standard training objectives and clinical relevance remains a challenge. This paper presents a method to enhance 3D diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yueying Tian , Xudong Han , Meng Zhou , Rodrigo Aviles-Espinosa , Rupert Young , Philip Birch

Reasoning distillation aims to transfer multi-step reasoning capabilities from large language models to smaller, more efficient ones. While recent methods have shown promising gains, they typically rely on static teacher-student hierarchies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Khouloud Saadi , Di Wang

Medical foundation models pre-trained on large-scale datasets have shown powerful versatile performance. However, when adapting medical foundation models for specific medical scenarios, it remains the inevitable challenge due to the gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Siyuan Du , Yuhang Zhou , Haolin Li , Jiangchao Yao , Haishuai Wang , Hui Lin , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Diffusion policies have achieved great success in online reinforcement learning (RL) due to their strong expressive capacity. However, the inference of diffusion policy models relies on a slow iterative sampling process, which limits their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Tianyi Chen , Haitong Ma , Na Li , Kai Wang , Bo Dai

Given the inherent non-stationarity prevalent in real-world applications, continual Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to equip the agent with the capability to address a series of sequentially presented decision-making tasks. Within this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Feng Chen , Fuguang Han , Cong Guan , Lei Yuan , Zhilong Zhang , Yang Yu , Zongzhang Zhang

Traditional RLHF-based LLM alignment methods explicitly maximize the expected rewards from a separate reward model. More recent supervised alignment methods like Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) circumvent this phase to avoid problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Abhijnan Nath , Changsoo Jung , Ethan Seefried , Nikhil Krishnaswamy

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has evolved to be one of the main methods for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). However, existing RLHF methods are non-robust, and their performance deteriorates if the downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Debmalya Mandal , Paulius Sasnauskas , Goran Radanovic

By formulating data samples' formation as a Markov denoising process, diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performances in a collection of tasks. Recently, many variants of diffusion models have been proposed to enable controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu

Deep reinforcement learning has demonstrated increasing capabilities for continuous control problems, including agents that can move with skill and agility through their environment. An open problem in this setting is that of developing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Glen Berseth , Cheng Xie , Paul Cernek , Michiel Van de Panne

Diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion (SD), offer the ability to generate high-resolution images with diverse features, but they come at a significant computational and memory cost. In classifier-free guided diffusion models, prolonged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Pareesa Ameneh Golnari

Learning based on multimodal data has attracted increasing interest recently. While a variety of sensory modalities can be collected for training, not all of them are always available in development scenarios, which raises the challenge to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Shicai Wei , Yang Luo , Chunbo Luo

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard technique for post-training diffusion-based image synthesis models, as it enables learning from reward signals to explicitly improve desirable aspects such as image quality and prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David McAllister , Miika Aittala , Tero Karras , Janne Hellsten , Angjoo Kanazawa , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

While diffusion models can learn complex distributions, sampling requires a computationally expensive iterative process. Existing distillation methods enable efficient sampling, but have notable limitations, such as performance degradation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Sirui Xie , Zhisheng Xiao , Diederik P Kingma , Tingbo Hou , Ying Nian Wu , Kevin Patrick Murphy , Tim Salimans , Ben Poole , Ruiqi Gao

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a core component in the training and deployment of modern generative models, particularly large language models (LLMs). While its empirical benefits are well documented -- enabling smaller student models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Sungmin Cha , Kyunghyun Cho

Knowledge distillation (KD) has been shown to be highly effective in guiding a student model with a larger teacher model and achieving practical benefits in improving the computational and memory efficiency for large language models (LLMs).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Chen Jia

We propose a novel way to train ranking models, such as recommender systems, that are both effective and efficient. Knowledge distillation (KD) was shown to be successful in image recognition to achieve both effectiveness and efficiency. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Jiaxi Tang , Ke Wang

Distributional reinforcement learning, which focuses on learning the entire return distribution instead of only its expectation in standard RL, has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing performance. Despite these advancements, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Ke Sun , Bei Jiang , Linglong Kong

We present a maximum entropy inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) approach for improving the sample quality of diffusion generative models, especially when the number of generation time steps is small. Similar to how IRL trains a policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Sangwoong Yoon , Himchan Hwang , Dohyun Kwon , Yung-Kyun Noh , Frank C. Park

Standard Latent Diffusion Models rely on a complex, three-part architecture consisting of a separate encoder, decoder, and diffusion network, which are trained in multiple stages. This modular design is computationally inefficient, leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xiyuan Wang , Muhan Zhang

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (RL) has proven its feasibility in solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). The learning-to-rank techniques have been studied in the field of information retrieval. While several COPs can be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Honguk Woo , Hyunsung Lee , Sangwoo Cho