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Diffusion Models (DMs), as a leading class of generative models, offer key advantages for reinforcement learning (RL), including multi-modal expressiveness, stable training, and trajectory-level planning. This survey delivers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Changfu Xu , Jianxiong Guo , Yuzhu Liang , Haiyang Huang , Haodong Zou , Xi Zheng , Shui Yu , Xiaowen Chu , Jiannong Cao , Tian Wang

Federated Reinforcement Learning (FedRL) improves sample efficiency while preserving privacy; however, most existing studies assume homogeneous agents, limiting its applicability in real-world scenarios. This paper investigates FedRL in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Wenzheng Jiang , Ji Wang , Xiongtao Zhang , Weidong Bao , Cheston Tan , Flint Xiaofeng Fan

Most deep metric learning (DML) methods employ a strategy that forces all positive samples to be close in the embedding space while keeping them away from negative ones. However, such a strategy ignores the internal relationships of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Zelong Zeng , Fan Yang , Zheng Wang , Shin'ichi Satoh

Dataset distillation (DD) has emerged as a widely adopted technique for crafting a synthetic dataset that captures the essential information of a training dataset, facilitating the training of accurate neural models. Its applications span…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Saeed Vahidian , Mingyu Wang , Jianyang Gu , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Wei Jiang , Yiran Chen

We propose Algorithm Distillation (AD), a method for distilling reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms into neural networks by modeling their training histories with a causal sequence model. Algorithm Distillation treats learning to…

The transfer of knowledge from one policy to another is an important tool in Deep Reinforcement Learning. This process, referred to as distillation, has been used to great success, for example, by enhancing the optimisation of agents,…

Diffusion probabilistic models have shown significant progress in video generation; however, their computational efficiency is limited by the large number of sampling steps required. Reducing sampling steps often compromises video quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zihan Ding , Chi Jin , Difan Liu , Haitian Zheng , Krishna Kumar Singh , Qiang Zhang , Yan Kang , Zhe Lin , Yuchen Liu

Diffusion-based video super-resolution (VSR) has recently achieved remarkable fidelity but still suffers from prohibitive sampling costs. While distribution matching distillation (DMD) can accelerate diffusion models toward one-step…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhengyao Lv , Menghan Xia , Xintao Wang , Kwan-Yee K. Wong

Reinforcement learning (RL) allows an agent interacting sequentially with an environment to maximize its long-term expected return. In the distributional RL (DistrRL) paradigm, the agent goes beyond the limit of the expected value, to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Mastane Achab , Reda Alami , Yasser Abdelaziz Dahou Djilali , Kirill Fedyanin , Eric Moulines

In modern large language models (LLMs), LLM alignment is of crucial importance and is typically achieved through methods such as reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) and direct preference optimization (DPO). However, in most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Songming Zhang , Xue Zhang , Tong Zhang , Bojie Hu , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu

Dataset distillation enables the training of deep neural networks with comparable performance in significantly reduced time by compressing large datasets into small and representative ones. Although the introduction of generative models has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingzhuo Li , Guang Li , Jiafeng Mao , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama

Recent studies have shown that reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) enhances overall accuracy (pass@1) but often fails to improve capability (pass@k) of LLMs in reasoning tasks, while distillation can improve both. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Minwu Kim , Anubhav Shrestha , Safal Shrestha , Aadim Nepal , Keith Ross

Large language models have recently enabled a generative paradigm for query expansion, but their high inference cost makes direct deployment difficult in practical retrieval systems. To address this issue, a retrieval-feedback-driven…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Minghan Li , Guodong Zhou

We introduce a novel approach to large language model (LLM) distillation by formulating it as a constrained reinforcement learning problem. While recent work has begun exploring the integration of task-specific rewards into distillation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Matthieu Zimmer , Xiaotong Ji , Tu Nguyen , Haitham Bou Ammar

Optimizing discrete diffusion model (DDM) with rewards remains a challenge: the non-autoregressive paradigm makes importance sampling intractable and rollout complex, puzzling reinforcement learning methods such as Group Relative Policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tianren Ma , Mu Zhang , Yibing Wang , Qixiang Ye

Exploration remains a critical challenge in online reinforcement learning, as an agent must effectively explore unknown environments to achieve high returns. Currently, the main exploration algorithms are primarily count-based methods and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Zhirui Fang , Kai Yang , Jian Tao , Jiafei Lyu , Lusong Li , Li Shen , Xiu Li

Many reinforcement learning (RL) tasks have specific properties that can be leveraged to modify existing RL algorithms to adapt to those tasks and further improve performance, and a general class of such properties is the multiple reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Zichuan Lin , Li Zhao , Derek Yang , Tao Qin , Guangwen Yang , Tie-Yan Liu

This work studies knowledge distillation (KD) for large language models (LLMs) through preference optimization. We propose a reward-guided imitation learning framework for sequential KD, formulating a min-max optimization problem between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chen Jia

Reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to improve the policy (denoiser) of diffusion large language models (dLLMs), while being hindered by the intractability of the policy likelihood. A dominant and efficient family of methods replaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaohang Tang , Keyue Jiang , Che Liu , Qifang Zhao , Xiaoxiao Xu , Sangwoong Yoon , Ilija Bogunovic

Diffusion-based models have achieved notable empirical successes in reinforcement learning (RL) due to their expressiveness in modeling complex distributions. Despite existing methods being promising, the key challenge of extending existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Dmitry Shribak , Chen-Xiao Gao , Yitong Li , Chenjun Xiao , Bo Dai