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Generally, a graph G, an independent set is a subset S of vertices in G such that no two vertices in S are adjacent (connected by an edge) and a vertex cover is a subset S of vertices such that each edge of G has at least one of its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-02 Kamanashis Biswas , S. A. M. Harun

A permutation graph can be defined as an intersection graph of segments whose endpoints lie on two parallel lines $l_1$ and $l_2$, one on each. A bipartite permutation graph is a permutation graph which is bipartite. In this paper we study…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Łukasz Bożyk , Jan Derbisz , Tomasz Krawczyk , Jana Novotná , Karolina Okrasa

The $d$-bounded-degree vertex deletion problem, to delete at most $k$ vertices in a given graph to make the maximum degree of the remaining graph at most $d$, finds applications in computational biology, social network analysis and some…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Mingyu Xiao

Given a graph $G(V,E)$, a vertex subset $S$ of $G$ is called an open packing in $G$ if no pair of distinct vertices in $S$ have a common neighbour in $G$. The size of a largest open packing in $G$ is called the open packing number,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-07-15 M. A. Shalu , V. K. Kirubakaran

Vertex splitting is a graph modification operation in which a vertex is replaced by multiple vertices such that the union of their neighborhoods equals the neighborhood of the original vertex. We introduce and study vertex splitting as a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Faisal N. Abu-Khzam , Dipayan Chakraborty , Lucas Isenmann , Nacim Oijid

For a graph $G$ and a parameter $k$, we call a vertex $k$-enabling if it belongs both to a clique of size $k$ and to an independent set of size $k$, and we call it $k$-excluding otherwise. Motivated by issues that arise in secret sharing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Uriel Feige , Ilia Pauzner

For fixed integers $r,\ell \geq 0$, a graph $G$ is called an {\em $(r,\ell)$-graph} if the vertex set $V(G)$ can be partitioned into $r$ independent sets and $\ell$ cliques. This brings us to the following natural parameterized questions:…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Sudeshna Kolay , Fahad Panolan

A proper Helly circular-arc graph is an intersection graph of a set of arcs on a circle such that none of the arcs properly contains any other arc and every set of pairwise intersecting arcs has a common intersection. The Proper Helly…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Akanksha Agrawal , Satyabrata Jana , Abhishek Sahu

The class of graph deletion problems has been extensively studied in theoretical computer science, particularly in the field of parameterized complexity. Recently, a new notion of graph deletion problems was introduced, called deletion to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ashwin Jacob , Diptapriyo Majumdar , Meirav Zehavi

A vertex set $S$ of a graph $G$ is geodetic if every vertex of $G$ lies on a shortest path between two vertices in $S$. Given a graph $G$ and $k \in \mathbb N$, the NP-hard Geodetic Set problem asks whether there is a geodetic set of size…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Leon Kellerhals , Tomohiro Koana

Given an undirected graph $G$ and integers $c$ and $k$, the Maximum Edge-Colorable Subgraph problem asks whether we can delete at most $k$ edges in $G$ to obtain a graph that has a proper edge coloring with at most $c$ colors. We show that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Niels Grüttemeier , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz

We study the CONNECTED \eta-TREEDEPTH DELETION problem where the input instance is an undireted graph G = (V, E) and an integer k. The objective is to decide if G has a set S \subseteq V(G) of at most k vertices such that G - S has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Eduard Eiben , Diptapriyo Majumdar , M. S. Ramanujan

A graph $G$ is called a \emph{block graph} if each maximal $2$-connected component of $G$ is a clique. In this paper we study the Block Graph Vertex Deletion from the perspective of fixed parameter tractable (FPT) and kernelization…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-10-29 Akanksha Agrawal , Sudeshna Kolay , Daniel Lokshtanov , Saket Saurabh

The Vertex Cover problem plays an essential role in the study of polynomial kernelization in parameterized complexity, i.e., the study of provable and efficient preprocessing for NP-hard problems. Motivated by the great variety of positive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Eva-Maria C. Hols , Stefan Kratsch , Astrid Pieterse

In 2005, Goddard, Hedetniemi, Hedetniemi and Laskar [Generalized subgraph-restricted matchings in graphs, Discrete Mathematics, 293 (2005) 129 - 138] asked the computational complexity of determining the maximum cardinality of a matching…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Guilherme C. M. Gomes , Bruno P. Masquio , Paulo E. D. Pinto , Vinicius F. dos Santos , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

We consider the following problem: for a given graph $G$ and two integers $k$ and $d$, can we apply a fixed graph operation at most $k$ times in order to reduce a given graph parameter $\pi$ by at least $d$? We show that this problem is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-20 Felicia Lucke , Felix Mann

\textsc{Densest $k$-Subgraph} is the problem to find a vertex subset $S$ of size $k$ such that the number of edges in the subgraph induced by $S$ is maximized. In this paper, we show that \textsc{Densest $k$-Subgraph} is fixed parameter…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Tesshu Hanaka

For a fixed property (graph class) ${\Pi}$, given a graph G and an integer k, the ${\Pi}$-deletion problem consists in deciding if we can turn $G$ into a graph with the property ${\Pi}$ by deleting at most $k$ edges. The ${\Pi}$-deletion…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Ivo Koch , Nina Pardal , Vinicius Fernandes dos Santos

We give the first $2$-approximation algorithm for the cluster vertex deletion problem. This is tight, since approximating the problem within any constant factor smaller than $2$ is UGC-hard. Our algorithm combines the previous approaches,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Manuel Aprile , Matthew Drescher , Samuel Fiorini , Tony Huynh

The line graph of a graph $G$ is the graph $L(G)$ whose vertex set is the edge set of $G$ and there is an edge between $e,f\in E(G)$ if $e$ and $f$ share an endpoint in $G$. A graph is called line graph if it is a line graph of some graph.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Eduard Eiben , William Lochet