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Large audio-language models (LALMs) extend the large language models with multimodal understanding in speech, audio, etc. While their performances on speech and audio-processing tasks are extensively studied, their reasoning abilities…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo Ho , Yen-Ting Piao , Hung-yi Lee

Reading measurement instruments is effortless for humans and requires relatively little domain expertise, yet it remains surprisingly challenging for current vision-language models (VLMs) as we find in preliminary evaluation. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fenfen Lin , Yesheng Liu , Haiyu Xu , Chen Yue , Zheqi He , Mingxuan Zhao , Miguel Hu Chen , Jiakang Liu , JG Yao , Xi Yang

Speech large language models (SpeechLLMs) have extended human-machine interactions from the text modality to the dynamic speech domain. Spoken dialogues convey diverse information, including semantic concepts, acoustic variations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Heyang Liu , Yuhao Wang , Ziyang Cheng , Hongcheng Liu , Yiqi Li , Yixuan Hou , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promise in single-agent vision tasks, yet benchmarks for evaluating multi-agent collaborative perception remain scarce. This gap is critical, as multi-drone systems provide enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jirong Zha , Yuxuan Fan , Tianyu Zhang , Geng Chen , Yingfeng Chen , Chen Gao , Xinlei Chen

Large Audio-Language Models (ALMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in holistic audio understanding, yet they remain unreliable for temporal grounding, i.e., the task of pinpointing exactly when an event occurs within…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Luoyi Sun , Xiao Zhou , Zeqian Li , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Real-world applications, such as autonomous driving and humanoid robot manipulation, require precise spatial perception. However, it remains underexplored how Vision-Language Models (VLMs) recognize spatial relationships and perceive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Fei Kong , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Zhenhua Guo , Xiaofeng Zhu , Xiaoshuang Shi

The rise of multimodal large language models has introduced innovative human-machine interaction paradigms but also significant challenges in machine learning safety. Audio-Language Models (ALMs) are especially relevant due to the intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Isha Gupta , David Khachaturov , Robert Mullins

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at many vision tasks, it is unknown if they exhibit human-like perceptual behaviors. To evaluate this, we introduce HVSBench, the first large-scale benchmark with over 85,000 samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jiaying Lin , Shuquan Ye , Dan Xu , Wanli Ouyang , Rynson W. H. Lau

Existing vision-language understanding benchmarks largely consist of images of objects in their usual contexts. As a consequence, recent multimodal large language models can perform well with only a shallow visual understanding by relying…

3D spatial reasoning in dynamic, audio-visual environments is a cornerstone of human cognition yet remains largely unexplored by existing Audio-Visual Large Language Models (AV-LLMs) and benchmarks, which predominantly focus on static or 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Mingfei Chen , Zijun Cui , Xiulong Liu , Jinlin Xiang , Caleb Zheng , Jingyuan Li , Eli Shlizerman

Spatial sound reasoning is a fundamental human skill, enabling us to navigate and interpret our surroundings based on sound. In this paper we present BAT, which combines the spatial sound perception ability of a binaural acoustic scene…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Zhisheng Zheng , Puyuan Peng , Ziyang Ma , Xie Chen , Eunsol Choi , David Harwath

Audio-language models (ALMs) generate linguistic descriptions of sound-producing events and scenes. Advances in dataset creation and computational power have led to significant progress in this domain. This paper surveys 69 datasets used to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Gijs Wijngaard , Elia Formisano , Michele Esposito , Michel Dumontier

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress in integrating visual and linguistic understanding. Existing benchmarks typically focus on high-level semantic capabilities, such as scene understanding and visual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shangyu Xing , Changhao Xiang , Yuteng Han , Yifan Yue , Zhen Wu , Xinyu Liu , Zhangtai Wu , Fei Zhao , Xinyu Dai

Clinical reasoning in medicine is a hypothesis-driven process where physicians refine diagnoses from limited information through targeted history, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations. In contrast, current medical benchmarks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Christopher Chiu , Silviu Pitis , Mihaela van der Schaar

As AI chatbots become ubiquitous, voice interaction presents a compelling way to enable rapid, high-bandwidth communication for both semantic and social signals. This has driven research into Large Audio Models (LAMs) to power voice-native…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Minzhi Li , William Barr Held , Michael J Ryan , Kunat Pipatanakul , Potsawee Manakul , Hao Zhu , Diyi Yang

With collective endeavors, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are undergoing a flourishing development. However, their performances on image aesthetics perception remain indeterminate, which is highly desired in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yipo Huang , Quan Yuan , Xiangfei Sheng , Zhichao Yang , Haoning Wu , Pengfei Chen , Yuzhe Yang , Leida Li , Weisi Lin

The rapid advancements in the development of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have consistently led to new breakthroughs on various benchmarks. In response, numerous challenging and comprehensive benchmarks have been proposed to…

Voice-based AI development faces unique challenges in processing both linguistic and paralinguistic information. This study compares how large audio-language models (LALMs) and humans integrate speaker characteristics during speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hanlin Wu , Xufeng Duan , Zhenguang Cai

Modern astronomical observatories generate a massive volume of multimodal data, creating a critical bottleneck for expert human review. While multimodal large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in interpreting complex visual and…

While Audio Large Models (ALMs) have achieved remarkable proficiency, their robustness remains brittle in real-world deployment. Existing evaluations largely rely on synthetic Gaussian noise or simplistic single-source interference, failing…