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While Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) achieve strong performance on short audio, they degrade on long-form inputs. This degradation is more severe in temporal awareness tasks, where temporal alignment becomes increasingly inaccurate as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Mingchen Shao , Hang Su , Wenjie Tian , Bingshen Mu , Zhennan Lin , Lichun Fan , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan , Lei Xie

Due to recent advancements in Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) that demonstrate remarkable performance across a range of sound-, speech- and music-related tasks, there is a growing interest in proposing benchmarks to assess these models.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Jingru Lin , Chen Zhang , Tianrui Wang , Haizhou Li

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have recently achieved strong performance across various audio-centric tasks. However, hallucination, where models generate responses that are semantically incorrect or acoustically unsupported, remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Feiyu Zhao , Yiming Chen , Wenhuan Lu , Daipeng Zhang , Xianghu Yue , Jianguo Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive zero-shot performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. Integrating various modality encoders further expands their capabilities, giving rise to Multimodal Large…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hao Cheng , Erjia Xiao , Jing Shao , Yichi Wang , Le Yang , Chao Shen , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu , Renjing Xu

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated strong performance in audio understanding and generation. Yet, our extensive benchmarking reveals that their behavior is largely generic (e.g., summarizing spoken content) and fails to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yuwen Wang , Xinyuan Qian , Tian-Hao Zhang , Jiaran Gao , Yuchen Pan , Xin Wang , Zhou Pan , Chen Wei , Yiming Wang

Can Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) discern confused objects that are visually present but audio-absent? To study this, we introduce a new benchmark, AV-ConfuseBench, which simulates an ``Audio-Visual Confusion'' scene by modifying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Qilang Ye , Wei Zeng , Meng Liu , Jie Zhang , Yupeng Hu , Zitong Yu , Yu Zhou

Audio Large Language Models (Audio LLMs) enable human-like conversation about music, yet it is unclear if they are truly listening to the audio or just using textual reasoning, as recent benchmarks suggest. This paper investigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Giovana Morais , Magdalena Fuentes

With advancements in large audio-language models (LALMs), which enhance large language models (LLMs) with auditory capabilities, these models are expected to demonstrate universal proficiency across various auditory tasks. While numerous…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo S. Ho , Hung-yi Lee

Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4o, Gemini 1.5 Pro, and Reka Core, have expanded their capabilities to include vision and audio modalities. While these models demonstrate impressive performance across a wide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Kaixiong Gong , Kaituo Feng , Bohao Li , Yibing Wang , Mofan Cheng , Shijia Yang , Jiaming Han , Benyou Wang , Yutong Bai , Zhuoran Yang , Xiangyu Yue

Recent Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated promising abilities in understanding musical content. However, whether their responses are grounded in the correct temporal regions of the audio remains underexplored. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Daeyong Kwon , Qiyu Wu , Shinobu Kuriya , Junghyun Koo , Shuyang Cui , Zhi Zhong , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Building on the success of large language models (LLMs), recent advancements such as GPT-4o have enabled real-time speech interactions through LLM-based voice assistants, offering a significantly improved user experience compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Yiming Chen , Xianghu Yue , Chen Zhang , Xiaoxue Gao , Robby T. Tan , Haizhou Li

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs), such as GPT-4o, have recently unlocked audio dialogue capabilities, enabling direct spoken exchanges with humans. The potential of LALMs broadens their applicability across a wide range of practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kuofeng Gao , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Spatial audio reasoning enables machines to interpret auditory scenes by understanding events and their spatial attributes. In this work, we focus on spatial audio understanding with an emphasis on reasoning about moving sources. First, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs), which couple acoustic perception with large language models (LLMs) to extract and understand diverse information from audio, have attracted intense interest from both academic and industrial communities.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Bohan Li , Wenbin Huang , Yuhang Qiu , Yiwei Guo , Hankun Wang , Zhihan Li , Jing Peng , Ziyang Ma , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated substantial potential in video understanding. However, existing benchmarks fail to comprehensively evaluate synergistic reasoning capabilities across audio and…

Recent audio-aware large language models (ALLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across diverse audio understanding and reasoning tasks, but they still frequently produce hallucinated or overly confident outputs. While uncertainty…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Chun-Yi Kuan , Wei-Ping Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Puns represent a typical linguistic phenomenon that exploits polysemy and phonetic ambiguity to generate humour, posing unique challenges for natural language understanding. Within pun research, audio plays a central role in human…

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) as judges have emerged as a prominent approach for evaluating speech generation quality, yet their ability to assess speaker consistency across multi-turn dialogues remains unexplored. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jonggeun Lee , Junseong Pyo , Gyuhyeon Seo , Yohan Jo

Geo-localization aims to infer the geographic origin of a given signal. In computer vision, geo-localization has served as a demanding benchmark for compositional reasoning and is relevant to public safety. In contrast, progress on audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ruixing Zhang , Zihan Liu , Leilei Sun , Tongyu Zhu , Weifeng Lv

Evaluations of audio-language models (ALMs) -- multimodal models that take interleaved audio and text as input and output text -- are hindered by the lack of standardized benchmarks; most benchmarks measure only one or two capabilities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Tony Lee , Haoqin Tu , Chi Heem Wong , Zijun Wang , Siwei Yang , Yifan Mai , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie , Percy Liang