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While web agents gained popularity by automating web interactions, their requirement for interface access introduces significant privacy risks that are understudied, particularly from users' perspective. Through a formative study (N=15), we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Shuning Zhang , Yutong Jiang , Rongjun Ma , Yuting Yang , Mingyao Xu , Zhixin Huang , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in text understanding and generation, and they are increasingly being utilized across various domains to enhance productivity. However, due to the high costs of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yu Mao , Xueping Liao , Wei Liu , Anjia Yang

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities across various tasks. However, their deployment introduces significant risks related to intellectual property. In this context, we focus on model stealing attacks, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Kieu Dang , Phung Lai , NhatHai Phan , Yelong Shen , Ruoming Jin , Abdallah Khreishah

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly being deployed as conversational assistants capable of performing complex real-world tasks through tool integration. This enhanced ability to interact with external systems and process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Feiran Jia , Tong Wu , Xin Qin , Anna Squicciarini

Local differential privacy (LDP) is a recently proposed privacy standard for collecting and analyzing data, which has been used, e.g., in the Chrome browser, iOS and macOS. In LDP, each user perturbs her information locally, and only sends…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Ning Wang , Xiaokui Xiao , Yin Yang , Jun Zhao , Siu Cheung Hui , Hyejin Shin , Junbum Shin , Ge Yu

Large language models have repeatedly shown outstanding performance across diverse applications. However, deploying these models can inadvertently risk user privacy. The significant memory demands during training pose a major challenge in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Yuwei Zhang , Xiaolan Ke , Songhang Deng , Jiannan Cao , Chen Ma , Mengchen Fu , Tianyu Du , Sheng Cheng , Xun Wang , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

Despite advances in the use of large language models (LLMs) in downstream tasks, their ability to memorize information has raised privacy concerns. Therefore, protecting personally identifiable information (PII) during LLM training remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Stella Etuk , Ashraf Matrawy

Computer use agents create new privacy risks: training data collected from real websites inevitably contains sensitive information, and cloud-hosted inference exposes user screenshots. Detecting personally identifiable information in web…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Nathan Zhao

Communication lays the foundation for cooperation in human society and in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Humans also desire to maintain their privacy when communicating with others, yet such privacy concern has not been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Canzhe Zhao , Yanjie Ze , Jing Dong , Baoxiang Wang , Shuai Li

Diffusion-based personalized visual content generation technologies have achieved significant breakthroughs, allowing for the creation of specific objects by just learning from a few reference photos. However, when misused to fabricate fake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jing Yang , Runping Xi , Yingxin Lai , Xun Lin , Zitong Yu

The emergence of agent-to-agent communication protocols mirrors the early internet: powerful connectivity with minimal security infrastructure. When AI agents communicate on behalf of users, every message crosses a trust boundary where the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Sahar Abdelnabi , Amr Gomaa , Eugene Bagdasarian , Per Ola Kristensson , Reza Shokri

Machine learning models require datasets for effective training, but directly sharing raw data poses significant privacy risk such as membership inference attacks (MIA). To mitigate the risk, privacy-preserving techniques such as data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yi Yin , Guangquan Zhang , Hua Zuo , Jie Lu

Large Language Models are reshaping task automation, yet remain limited in complex, multi-step real-world tasks that require aligning with vague user intent and enabling dynamic user override. From a formative study with 12 participants, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yuan Xu , Shaowen Xiang , Yizhi Song , Ruoting Sun , Xin Tong

Data privacy has emerged as an important issue as data-driven deep learning has been an essential component of modern machine learning systems. For instance, there could be a potential privacy risk of machine learning systems via the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Taihong Xiao , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Kihyuk Sohn , Manmohan Chandraker , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Machine learning models are increasingly made available to the masses through public query interfaces. Recent academic work has demonstrated that malicious users who can query such models are able to infer sensitive information about…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-27 Yunhui Long , Vincent Bindschaedler , Carl A. Gunter

The remarkable ability of language models (LMs) has also brought challenges at the interface of AI and security. A critical challenge pertains to how much information these models retain and leak about the training data. This is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 My H. Dinh , Ferdinando Fioretto

With the increasing use of conversational AI systems, there is growing concern over privacy leaks, especially when users share sensitive personal data in interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs). Conversations shared with these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Jayden Serenari , Stephen Lee

The proliferation of propaganda on mobile platforms raises critical concerns around detection accuracy and user privacy. To address this, we propose TRIDENT - a three-tier propaganda detection model implementing transformers, adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Al Nahian Bin Emran , Dhiman Goswami , Md Hasan Ullah Sadi , Sanchari Das

A core challenge for autonomous LLM agents in collaborative settings is balancing robust privacy understanding and preservation alongside task efficacy. Existing privacy benchmarks only focus on simplistic, single-turn interactions where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Gurusha Juneja , Jayanth Naga Sai Pasupulati , Alon Albalak , Wenyue Hua , William Yang Wang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into mobile GUI agents has significantly enhanced user efficiency and experience. However, this advancement also introduces potential security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yulong Yang , Xinshan Yang , Shuaidong Li , Chenhao Lin , Zhengyu Zhao , Chao Shen , Tianwei Zhang