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Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPC) are events characterised by large impact parameters between the two projectiles, larger than the sum of their radii. In UPCs, the protons and ions accelerated by the LHC do not interact via the strong…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-05-08 Simone Ragoni

A Monte Carlo simulator is presented to reproduce data of nucleus-nucleus interactions at high energies. The program is designed in a microscopic point of view, where the cascade approach is applied. Moreover, each nucleon from both the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 N. M. Hassan , N. El-Harby , M. T. Hussein

We discuss the physics of large impact parameter interactions at the LHC: ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs). The dominant processes in UPCs are photon-nucleon (nucleus) interactions. The current LHC detector configurations can explore small…

Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs) have been a significant source of study at RHIC and the LHC. In these collisions, the two colliding nuclei interact electromagnetically, via two-photon or photonuclear interactions, but not hadronically;…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-04-18 Spencer R. Klein , Joakim Nystrand , Janet Seger , Yuri Gorbunov , Joey Butterworth

Heavy quarkonium production in ultra-peripheral nuclear collisions (UPC) is described within the QCD dipole formalism. Realistic quarkonium wave functions in the $Q\bar Q$ rest frame are calculated by solving the Schr\"odinger equation with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-27 B. Z. Kopeliovich , M. Krelina , J. Nemchik , I. K. Potashnikova

We present results of the updated SuperChic 3 Monte Carlo event generator for central exclusive production. This extends the previous treatment of proton-proton collisions to include heavy ion (pA and AA) beams, for both photon and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-03-12 L. A. Harland-Lang , V. A. Khoze , M. G. Ryskin

We study the transverse momentum distribution of vector mesons produced in ultraperipheral relativistic heavy ion collisions (UPCs). In UPCs there is no strong interaction between the nuclei and the vector mesons are produced in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Kai Hencken , Gerhard Baur , Dirk Trautmann

We introduce a Monte Carlo space-time model for high-energy collisions with nuclei, involving the dynamical interplay of perturbative QCD parton production and evolution, with non-perturbative parton-cluster formation and `afterburner'…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Klaus Geiger , Ronald Longacre

Monte Carlo event generators are in a modern terminology the digital twins of collider-based particle physics experiment. We give an introduction into the application of MC generators for particle physics, discuss their different components…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-29 Jürgen Reuter

This article presents a very brief review of the physics of Ultra-Peripheral Collisions (UPC) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and other nuclear facilities. I discuss several processes of interest such as electron-position pair…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-19 C. A. Bertulani

This paper presents an overview of Monte Carlo(MC) event generators for simulation of proton-proton collisions along with the results on hadron production at Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) energies. Namely, mean…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-31 Maxim Azarkin , Martin Kirakosyan

The structure of events in high-energy collisions is complex and not predictable from first principles. Event generators allow the problem to be subdivided into more manageable pieces, some of which can be described from first principles,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Torbjörn Sjöstrand

Data analyses in hadron collider physics depend on background simulations performed by Monte Carlo (MC) event generators. However, calculational limitations and non-perturbative effects require approximate models with adjustable parameters.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-20 Andy Buckley , Hendrik Hoeth , Heiko Lacker , Holger Schulz , Jan Eike von Seggern

Ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) of protons and nuclei are important for the study of the photoproduction of vector mesons and exotic states. The photoproduction of vector mesons in the pentaquark resonance channel in $p\mbox{-}Au$ UPCs at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-30 Ya-Ping Xie , Xiao-Yun Wang , Xurong Chen

This lecture discusses the physics implemented by Monte Carlo event generators for hadron colliders. It details the construction of parton showers and the matching of parton showers to fixed-order calculations at higher orders in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-19 Stefan Höche

We present a theoretical investigation of photonuclear tomography as a novel technique for probing the internal structure of nuclei. In this approach, ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions (UPCs) serve as a source of intense fluxes of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-08-29 J. D. Baker , C. A. Bertulani , Victor P. Goncalves

Recent developments in QCD phenomenology have spurred on several improved approaches to Monte Carlo event generation, relative to the post--LEP state of the art. In this brief review, the emphasis is placed on approaches for 1) consistently…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Peter Z. Skands

The LHC is not only the highest energy collider for protons and heavy ions, but also for photon photon and photon hadron ($\gamma$p and $\gamma$Pb) interactions. This is because the protons and ions accelerated in the LHC carry an…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-09-27 Simone Ragoni

Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs) involving heavy ions and protons are the energy frontier for photon-mediated interactions. UPC photons can be used for many purposes, including probing low-$x$ gluons via photoproduction of dijets and…

We review the physics basis, main features and use of general-purpose Monte Carlo event generators for the simulation of proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Topics included are: the generation of hard-scattering matrix…