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Transfer learning is a powerful paradigm for leveraging knowledge from source domains to enhance learning in a target domain. However, traditional transfer learning approaches often focus on scalar or multivariate data within Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Kaicheng Zhang , Sinian Zhang , Doudou Zhou , Yidong Zhou

Graph Semi-Supervised learning is an important data analysis tool, where given a graph and a set of labeled nodes, the aim is to infer the labels to the remaining unlabeled nodes. In this paper, we start by considering an optimization-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Sara Venturini , Andrea Cristofari , Francesco Rinaldi , Francesco Tudisco

The knowledge that data lies close to a particular submanifold of the ambient Euclidean space may be useful in a number of ways. For instance, one may want to automatically mark any point far away from the submanifold as an outlier or to…

We propose a graph semi-supervised learning framework for classification tasks on data manifolds. Motivated by the manifold hypothesis, we model data as points sampled from a low-dimensional manifold $\mathcal{M} \subset \mathbb{R}^F$. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Caio F. Deberaldini Netto , Zhiyang Wang , Luana Ruiz

Manifold learning approaches seek the intrinsic, low-dimensional data structure within a high-dimensional space. Mainstream manifold learning algorithms, such as Isomap, UMAP, $t$-SNE, Diffusion Map, and Laplacian Eigenmaps do not use data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-04 Jake S. Rhodes

Euclidean embeddings of data are fundamentally limited in their ability to capture latent semantic structures, which need not conform to Euclidean spatial assumptions. Here we consider an alternative, which embeds data as discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Charlie Frogner , Farzaneh Mirzazadeh , Justin Solomon

Nowadays, Machine Learning and Deep Learning methods have become the state-of-the-art approach to solve data classification tasks. In order to use those methods, it is necessary to acquire and label a considerable amount of data; however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Adrián Inés , César Domínguez , Jónathan Heras , Gadea Mata , Julio Rubio

This paper raises an implicit manifold learning perspective in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), by studying how the support of the learned distribution, modelled as a submanifold $\mathcal{M}_{\theta}$, perfectly match with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-01 Kry Yik Chau Lui , Yanshuai Cao , Maxime Gazeau , Kelvin Shuangjian Zhang

It has long been thought that high-dimensional data encountered in many practical machine learning tasks have low-dimensional structure, i.e., the manifold hypothesis holds. A natural question, thus, is to estimate the intrinsic dimension…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-01 Adam Block , Zeyu Jia , Yury Polyanskiy , Alexander Rakhlin

Based on the manifold hypothesis, real-world data often lie on a low-dimensional manifold, while normalizing flows as a likelihood-based generative model are incapable of finding this manifold due to their structural constraints. So, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Seyedeh Fatemeh Razavi , Mohammad Mahdi Mehmanchi , Reshad Hosseini , Mostafa Tavassolipour

Inspired by recent interests of developing machine learning and data mining algorithms on hypergraphs, we investigate in this paper the semi-supervised learning algorithm of propagating "soft labels" (e.g. probability distributions, class…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-20 Tingran Gao , Shahab Asoodeh , Yi Huang , James Evans

Domain shifts in the training data are common in practical applications of machine learning; they occur for instance when the data is coming from different sources. Ideally, a ML model should work well independently of these shifts, for…

The hypothesis that high dimensional data tend to lie in the vicinity of a low dimensional manifold is the basis of manifold learning. The goal of this paper is to develop an algorithm (with accompanying complexity guarantees) for fitting a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-23 Charles Fefferman , Sanjoy Mitter , Hariharan Narayanan

We study the machine learning task for models with operators mapping between the Wasserstein space of probability measures and a space of functions, like e.g. in mean-field games/control problems. Two classes of neural networks, based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-19 Huyên Pham , Xavier Warin

Manifold learning builds on the "manifold hypothesis," which posits that data in high-dimensional datasets are drawn from lower-dimensional manifolds. Current tools generate global embeddings of data, rather than the local maps used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Serena Hughes , Timothy Hamilton , Tom Kolokotrones , Eric J. Deeds

We present a new perspective on graph-based methods for collaborative ranking for recommender systems. Unlike user-based or item-based methods that compute a weighted average of ratings given by the nearest neighbors, or low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-17 Da Kuang , Zuoqiang Shi , Stanley Osher , Andrea Bertozzi

Deep learning has had tremendous success at learning low-dimensional representations of high-dimensional data. This success would be impossible if there was no hidden low-dimensional structure in data of interest; this existence is posited…

spectral-based subspace learning is a common data preprocessing step in many machine learning pipelines. The main aim is to learn a meaningful low dimensional embedding of the data. However, most subspace learning methods do not take into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Firas Laakom , Jenni Raitoharju , Nikolaos Passalis , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

The high-dimensional data setting, in which p >> n, is a challenging statistical paradigm that appears in many real-world problems. In this setting, learning a compact, low-dimensional representation of the data can substantially help…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Micol Marchetti-Bowick , Benjamin J. Lengerich , Ankur P. Parikh , Eric P. Xing

We develop information geometric techniques to understand the representations learned by deep networks when they are trained on different tasks using supervised, meta-, semi-supervised and contrastive learning. We shed light on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Rahul Ramesh , Jialin Mao , Itay Griniasty , Rubing Yang , Han Kheng Teoh , Mark Transtrum , James P. Sethna , Pratik Chaudhari