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The focus of this paper is on the quantification of sampling variation in frequentist probabilistic forecasts. We propose a method of constructing confidence sets that respects the functional nature of the forecast distribution, and use…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-09 David Harris , Gael M. Martin , Indeewara Perera , D. S. Poskitt

By revisiting the end-cut preference (ECP) phenomenon associated with a single CART (Breiman et al. (1984)), we introduce MinimaxSplit decision trees, a robust alternative to CART that selects splits by minimizing the worst-case child risk…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Zhenyuan Zhang , Hengrui Luo

We derive ensembles of decision trees through a nonparametric Bayesian model, allowing us to view random forests as samples from a posterior distribution. This insight provides large gains in interpretability, and motivates a class of…

Applications · Statistics 2015-05-19 Matt Taddy , Chun-Sheng Chen , Jun Yu , Mitch Wyle

Label ranking aims to learn a mapping from instances to rankings over a finite number of predefined labels. Random forest is a powerful and one of the most successful general-purpose machine learning algorithms of modern times. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Yangming Zhou , Guoping Qiu

Random Forests (RF) are among the most powerful and widely used predictive models for centralized tabular data, yet few methods exist to adapt them to the federated learning setting. Unlike most federated learning approaches, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Rémi Khellaf , Erwan Scornet , Aurélien Bellet , Julie Josse

We provide uniform confidence bands for kernel ridge regression (KRR), a widely used nonparametric regression estimator for nonstandard data such as preferences, sequences, and graphs. Despite the prevalence of these data--e.g., student…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Rahul Singh , Suhas Vijaykumar

We derive tractable criteria for the consistency of Bayesian tree reconstruction procedures, which constitute a central class of algorithms for inferring common ancestry among DNA sequence samples in phylogenetics. Our results encompass…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Alisa Kirichenko , Luke J. Kelly , Jere Koskela

We consider a regression setting where observations are collected in different environments modeled by different data distributions. The field of out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization aims to design methods that generalize better to test…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-12 Francesco Freni , Anya Fries , Linus Kühne , Markus Reichstein , Jonas Peters

Many asymptotically minimax procedures for function estimation often rely on somewhat arbitrary and restrictive assumptions such as isotropy or spatial homogeneity. This work enhances the theoretical understanding of Bayesian additive…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Seonghyun Jeong , Veronika Rockova

It is widely recognised that semiparametric efficient estimation can be hard to achieve in practice: estimators that are in theory efficient may require unattainable levels of accuracy for the estimation of complex nuisance functions. As a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-18 Elliot H. Young , Rajen D. Shah

Mixture model-based frameworks are very popular for statistical inference in clustering. While convenient for producing probabilistic estimates of cluster assignments and uncertainty, they are prone to misspecification, which can lead to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Yu Zheng , Leo L. Duan , Arkaprava Roy

We propose a computationally efficient method to construct nonparametric, heteroscedastic prediction bands for uncertainty quantification, with or without any user-specified predictive model. Our approach provides an alternative to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-18 Tengyuan Liang

In this article we discuss estimation of the common variance of several normal populations with tree order restricted means. We discuss the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator of the variance as the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-24 Antar Bandyopadhyay , Sanjay Chaudhuri

In circular plot sampling, trees within a given distance from the sample plot location constitute a sample, which is used to infer characteristics of interest for the forest area. If the sample is collected using a technical device located…

Applications · Statistics 2020-06-09 Kasper Kansanen , Petteri Packalen , Matti Maltamo , Lauri Mehtätalo

Statistical methods for metric spaces provide a general and versatile framework for analyzing complex data types. We introduce a novel approach for constructing confidence regions around new predictions from any bagged regression algorithm…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Diego Serrano , Eduardo García-Portugués

We develop a general assumption-lean framework for constructing uniformly valid confidence sets for functionals defined by moment equalities, referred to as $Z$-functionals. Our approach combines self-normalized statistics with a test…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-11 Woonyoung Chang , Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla

Infinite-order U-statistics (IOUS) has been used extensively on subbagging ensemble learning algorithms such as random forests to quantify its uncertainty. While normality results of IOUS have been studied extensively, its variance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-16 Tianning Xu , Ruoqing Zhu , Xiaofeng Shao

A random forest prediction can be computed by the scalar product of the labels of the training examples and a set of weights that are determined by the leafs of the forest into which the test object falls; each prediction can hence be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Henrik Boström

Consider a point particle moving through a Poisson distributed array of cubes all oriented along the axes - the random wind-tree model introduced in Ehrenfest-Ehrenfest (1912). We show that, in the joint Boltzmann-Grad and diffusive limit…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-06 Christopher Lutsko , Bálint Tóth

Piecewise-constant regression trees remain popular for their interpretability, yet often lag behind black-box models like Random Forest in predictive accuracy. In this work, we introduce TRUST (Transparent, Robust, and Ultra-Sparse Trees),…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-23 Albert Dorador