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We describe the use of an unsupervised Random Forest for similarity learning and improved unsupervised anomaly detection. By training a Random Forest to discriminate between real data and synthetic data sampled from a uniform distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-23 Joshua S. Harvey , Joshua Rosaler , Mingshu Li , Dhruv Desai , Dhagash Mehta

Random forests are a learning algorithm proposed by Breiman [Mach. Learn. 45 (2001) 5--32] that combines several randomized decision trees and aggregates their predictions by averaging. Despite its wide usage and outstanding practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Erwan Scornet , Gérard Biau , Jean-Philippe Vert

We propose random hinge forests, a simple, efficient, and novel variant of decision forests. Importantly, random hinge forests can be readily incorporated as a general component within arbitrary computation graphs that are optimized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-02 Nathan Lay , Adam P. Harrison , Sharon Schreiber , Gitesh Dawer , Adrian Barbu

Random forests are ensemble methods which grow trees as base learners and combine their predictions by averaging. Random forests are known for their good practical performance, particularly in high dimensional set-tings. On the theoretical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-18 Erwan Scornet

A long-standing problem in the construction of asymptotically correct confidence bands for a regression function $m(x)=E[Y|X=x]$, where $Y$ is the response variable influenced by the covariate $X$, involves the situation where $Y$ values…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Ali Al-Sharadqah , Majid Mojirsheibani

We study predictive probability inference in classification tasks using random forests under class imbalance. We focus on two simplified variants of Breiman's algorithm, namely subsampling Infinite Random Forests (IRFs) and under-sampling…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Moria Mayala , Olivier Wintenberger , Charles Tillier , Clément Dombry

In statistical inference, confidence set procedures are typically evaluated based on their validity and width properties. Even when procedures achieve rate-optimal widths, confidence sets can still be excessively wide in practice due to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Kenta Takatsu

This paper derives a unifying theorem establishing consistency results for a broad class of tree-based algorithms. It improves current results in two aspects. First of all, it can be applied to algorithms that vary from traditional Random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-22 Ricardo Blum , Munir Hiabu , Enno Mammen , Joseph T. Meyer

Random forests is a common non-parametric regression technique which performs well for mixed-type data and irrelevant covariates, while being robust to monotonic variable transformations. Existing random forest implementations target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-04 Taylor Pospisil , Ann B. Lee

We propose a random forest estimator for the intensity of spatial point processes, applicable with or without covariates. It retains the well-known advantages of a random forest approach, including the ability to handle a large number of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-13 Christophe Biscio , Frédéric Lavancier

Random forests are a popular class of algorithms used for regression and classification. The algorithm introduced by Breiman in 2001 and many of its variants are ensembles of randomized decision trees built from axis-aligned partitions of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Eliza O'Reilly , Ngoc Mai Tran

We develop Clustered Random Forests, a random forests algorithm for clustered data, arising from independent groups that exhibit within-cluster dependence. The leaf-wise predictions for each decision tree making up clustered random forests…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-26 Elliot H. Young , Peter Bühlmann

We propose generalized random forests, a method for non-parametric statistical estimation based on random forests (Breiman, 2001) that can be used to fit any quantity of interest identified as the solution to a set of local moment…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-06 Susan Athey , Julie Tibshirani , Stefan Wager

We show that the byproducts of the standard training process of a random forest yield not only the well known and almost computationally free out-of-bag point estimate of the model generalization error, but also give a direct path to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-14 Paulo C. Marques F

Standard supervised learning procedures are validated against a test set that is assumed to have come from the same distribution as the training data. However, in many problems, the test data may have come from a different distribution. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-28 Tim Coleman , Kimberly Kaufeld , Mary Frances Dorn , Lucas Mentch

Given a sample from some unknown continuous density $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$, we construct adaptive confidence bands that are honest for all densities in a "generic" subset of the union of $t$-H\"older balls, $0<t\le r$, where $r$ is a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-02-26 Evarist Giné , Richard Nickl

We develop large sample theory including nonparametric confidence regions for $r$-dimensional ridges of probability density functions on $\mathbb{R}^d$, where $1\leq r<d$. We view ridges as the intersections of level sets of some special…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Wanli Qiao

Random forests is a state-of-the-art supervised machine learning method which behaves well in high-dimensional settings although some limitations may happen when $p$, the number of predictors, is much larger than the number of observations…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-01 Louis Capitaine , Robin Genuer , Rodolphe Thiébaut

Introduced by Breiman, Random Forests are widely used classification and regression algorithms. While being initially designed as batch algorithms, several variants have been proposed to handle online learning. One particular instance of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-10 Jaouad Mourtada , Stéphane Gaïffas , Erwan Scornet

As a flexible nonparametric learning tool, the random forests algorithm has been widely applied to various real applications with appealing empirical performance, even in the presence of high-dimensional feature space. Unveiling the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Chien-Ming Chi , Patrick Vossler , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv