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State-of-the-art noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers require low-complexity techniques for the mitigation of computational errors inflicted by quantum decoherence. Symmetry verification constitutes a class of quantum error mitigation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Yifeng Xiong , Daryus Chandra , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Active quantum error correction using qubit stabilizer codes has emerged as a promising, but experimentally challenging, engineering program for building a universal quantum computer. In this review we consider the formalism of qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-13 Barbara M. Terhal

Quantum error correcting (QEC) stabilizer codes enable protection of quantum information against errors during storage and processing. Simulation of noisy QEC codes is used to identify the noise parameters necessary for advantageous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Sascha Heußen , Don Winter , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

Quantum simulators are a foundational component of the quantum software ecosystem. They are widely used to develop and debug quantum programs, validate compiler transformations, and support empirical claims about correctness and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Krishna Upadhyay , Moshood Fakorede , Umar Farooq

Quantum computing has made significant advancements in the last years in both hardware and software. Unfortunately, the currently available Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware is still heavily affected by noise. Many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Tobias Forster , Nils Quetschlich , Robert Wille

Quantum computing is poised to solve practically useful problems which are computationally intractable for classical supercomputers. However, the current generation of quantum computers are limited by errors that may only partially be…

The demonstration of quantum error correction (QEC) is one of the most important milestones in the realization of fully-fledged quantum computers. Toward this, QEC experiments using the surface codes have recently been actively conducted.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-12 Mitsuki Katsuda , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Quantum computing is a radical new paradigm for a technology that is capable to revolutionize information processing. Simulators of universal quantum computer are important for understanding the basic principles and operations of the…

Quantum dots must be tuned precisely to provide a suitable basis for quantum computation. A scalable platform for quantum computing can only be achieved by fully automating the tuning process. One crucial step is to trap the appropriate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Fabian Hader , Sarah Fleitmann , Jan Vogelbruch , Lotte Geck , Stefan van Waasen

Recent years have seen unprecedented advance in the design and control of quantum computers. Nonetheless, their applicability is still restricted and access remains expensive. Therefore, a substantial amount of quantum algorithms research…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-11 Thomas Grurl , Richard Kueng , Jürgen Fuß , Robert Wille

Distributed quantum computing (DQC) is a promising proposal for overcoming the scalability challenges of quantum computing. However, the evaluation of DQC hardware and software is difficult due to the relative dearth of classical simulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Kenny Campbell

The most scalable proposed methods of simulating lattice fermions on noisy quantum computers employ encodings that eliminate nonlocal operators using a constant factor more qubits and a nontrivial stabilizer group. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Riley W. Chien , Kanav Setia , Xavier Bonet-Monroig , Mark Steudtner , James D. Whitfield

The use of $d$-level qudits instead of two-level qubits can largely increase the power of quantum logic for many applications, ranging from quantum simulations to quantum error correction. Molecular Nanomagnets are ideal spin systems to…

Achieving scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation requires quantum memory architectures that minimize error correction overhead while preserving coherence. This work presents a framework for high-dimensional qudit memory in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 William Boone Samuels

Scaling quantum computing to practical applications necessitates reliable quantum error correction. Although numerous correction codes have been proposed, the overall correction efficiency critically limited by the decode algorithms. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-04 Gengyuan Hu , Wanli Ouyang , Chao-Yang Lu , Chen Lin , Han-Sen Zhong

Several domains of society will be disrupted once millions of high-quality qubits can be brought together to perform fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). All quantum computing hardware available today is many orders of magnitude removed…

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Quantum computers have advanced rapidly in qubit count and gate fidelity. However, large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing still relies on quantum error correction code (QECC) to suppress noise. Manually or experimentally verifying the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Kean Chen , Yuhao Liu , Wang Fang , Jennifer Paykin , Xin-Chuan Wu , Albert Schmitz , Steve Zdancewic , Gushu Li

In the recent years, numerous research advancements have extended the limit of classical simulation of quantum algorithms. Although, most of the state-of-the-art classical simulators are only limited to binary quantum systems, which…

In order to use quantum error-correcting codes to actually improve the performance of a quantum computer, it is necessary to be able to perform operations fault-tolerantly on encoded states. I present a general theory of fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Daniel Gottesman