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With the rapid advancement of e-commerce, exploring general representations rather than task-specific ones has attracted increasing research attention. For product understanding, although existing discriminative dual-flow architectures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daoze Zhang , Chenghan Fu , Zhanheng Nie , Jianyu Liu , Wanxian Guan , Yuan Gao , Jun Song , Pengjie Wang , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

With the rapid growth of e-commerce, exploring general representations rather than task-specific ones has attracted increasing attention. Although recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have driven significant progress in product…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Junxian Wu , Chenghan Fu , Zhanheng Nie , Daoze Zhang , Bowen Wan , Wanxian Guan , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

We introduce MOON, our comprehensive set of sustainable iterative practices for multimodal representation learning for e-commerce applications. MOON has already been fully deployed across all stages of Taobao search advertising system,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Chenghan Fu , Daoze Zhang , Yukang Lin , Zhanheng Nie , Xiang Zhang , Jianyu Liu , Yueran Liu , Wanxian Guan , Pengjie Wang , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

Missing-modality information on e-commerce platforms, such as absent product images or textual descriptions, often arises from annotation errors or incomplete metadata, impairing both product presentation and downstream applications such as…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Junchen Fu , Wenhao Deng , Kaiwen Zheng , Ioannis Arapakis , Yu Ye , Yongxin Ni , Joemon M. Jose , Xuri Ge

Despite the potential of multi-modal pre-training to learn highly discriminative feature representations from complementary data modalities, current progress is being slowed by the lack of large-scale modality-diverse datasets. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Xiao Dong , Xunlin Zhan , Yangxin Wu , Yunchao Wei , Michael C. Kampffmeyer , Xiaoyong Wei , Minlong Lu , Yaowei Wang , Xiaodan Liang

In this paper, we address multi-modal pretraining of product data in the field of E-commerce. Current multi-modal pretraining methods proposed for image and text modalities lack robustness in the face of modality-missing and modality-noise,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Yushan Zhu , Huaixiao Tou , Wen Zhang , Ganqiang Ye , Hui Chen , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) presents a naturally compatible and scalable framework for multimodal learning, demonstrating strong adaptability across diverse modalities and tasks. Despite its growing success, a comprehensive and systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Liangwei Nathan Zheng , Wei Emma Zhang , Olaf Maennel , Lin Yue , Weitong Chen

Modality fusion is a cornerstone of multimodal learning, enabling information integration from diverse data sources. However, vanilla fusion methods are limited by (1) inability to account for heterogeneous interactions between modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiayi Xin , Sukwon Yun , Jie Peng , Inyoung Choi , Jenna L. Ballard , Tianlong Chen , Qi Long

LLMs and MLLMs have become indispensable tools across a wide range of applications. E-commerce, however, poses distinctive challenges -- including intricate domain knowledge, long-tail product evidence, heterogeneous visual data, and the…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yong Liu , Ximan Liu , Guoqing Yang , Bing Bai , Xiaoqiang Xu , Zhen Chen , Ke Zhang , Yan Li

Due to the notorious modality imbalance problem, multimodal learning (MML) leads to the phenomenon of optimization imbalance, thus struggling to achieve satisfactory performance. Recently, some representative methods have been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Qing-Yuan Jiang , Zhouyang Chi , Yang Yang

The Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) framework has become a widely used approach for multimodal representation learning, particularly in image-text retrieval and clustering. However, its efficacy is constrained by three key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Tiancheng Gu , Kaicheng Yang , Ziyong Feng , Xingjun Wang , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Yingda Chen , Weidong Cai , Jiankang Deng

Understanding vision and language representations of product content is vital for search and recommendation applications in e-commerce. As a backbone for online shopping platforms and inspired by the recent success in representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Wonyoung Shin , Jonghun Park , Taekang Woo , Yongwoo Cho , Kwangjin Oh , Hwanjun Song

Understanding human emotions from multimodal signals poses a significant challenge in affective computing and human-robot interaction. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have excelled in general vision-language tasks, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xiaojiang Peng , Jingyi Chen , Zebang Cheng , Bao Peng , Fengyi Wu , Yifei Dong , Shuyuan Tu , Qiyu Hu , Huiting Huang , Yuxiang Lin , Jun-Yan He , Kai Wang , Zheng Lian , Zhi-Qi Cheng

Robust multimodal visual analytics remains challenging when heterogeneous modalities provide complementary but input-dependent evidence for decision-making.Existing multimodal learning methods mainly rely on fixed fusion modules or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Tianyi Liu , Yiming Li , Wenqian Wang , Jiaojiao Wang , Chen Cai , Yi Wang , Kim-Hui Yap

Multimodal representation learning aims to construct a shared embedding space in which heterogeneous modalities are semantically aligned. Despite strong empirical results, InfoNCE-based objectives introduce inherent conflicts that yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Wenzhe Yin , Pan Zhou , Zehao Xiao , Jie Liu , Shujian Yu , Jan-Jakob Sonke , Efstratios Gavves

Multimodal representation is crucial for E-commerce tasks such as identical product retrieval. Large representation models (e.g., VLM2Vec) demonstrate strong multimodal understanding capabilities, yet they struggle with fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Biao Zhang , Lixin Chen , Bin Zhang , Zongwei Wang , Tong Liu , Bo Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in text understanding and embedding tasks. However, their potential in multimodal representation, particularly for item-to-item (I2I) recommendations, remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chao Zhang , Haoxin Zhang , Shiwei Wu , Di Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

To address the modality learning degeneration caused by modality imbalance, existing multimodal learning~(MML) approaches primarily attempt to balance the optimization process of each modality from the perspective of model learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Qingyuan Jiang , Zhouyang Chi , Xiao Ma , Qirong Mao , Yang Yang , Jinhui Tang

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) underscore the significance of scalable models and data to boost performance, yet this often incurs substantial computational costs. Although the Mixture of Experts (MoE)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yunxin Li , Shenyuan Jiang , Baotian Hu , Longyue Wang , Wanqi Zhong , Wenhan Luo , Lin Ma , Min Zhang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) with computational invariance for Large Language Models~(LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable advances, however, their application to Multimodal Large Language Models~(MLLMs) presents substantial challenges.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Lulu Hu , Wenhu Xiao , Xin Chen , Xinhua Xu , Bowen Xu , Kun Li , Yongliang Tao
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