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We propose Frequency-Guided Attention (FGA), a lightweight upsampling module for single image super-resolution. Conventional upsamplers, such as Sub-Pixel Convolution, are efficient but frequently fail to reconstruct high-frequency details…

Generative Error Correction (GEC) has emerged as a powerful post-processing method to enhance the performance of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. However, we show that GEC models struggle to generalize beyond the specific types…

New medical datasets are now more open to the public, allowing for better and more extensive research. Although prepared with the utmost care, new datasets might still be a source of spurious correlations that affect the learning process.…

Medical image classification is one of the most critical problems in the image recognition area. One of the major challenges in this field is the scarcity of labelled training data. Additionally, there is often class imbalance in datasets…

The limited data availability due to strict privacy regulations and significant resource demands severely constrains biomedical time-series AI development, which creates a critical gap between data requirements and accessibility. Synthetic…

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) exam typically consists of the acquisition of multiple MR pulse sequences, which are required for a reliable diagnosis. Each sequence can be parameterized through multiple acquisition parameters affecting…

Synthetic data, an appealing alternative to extensive expert-annotated data for medical image segmentation, consistently fails to improve segmentation performance despite its visual realism. The reason being that synthetic and real medical…

Nowadays, data augmentation through synthetic data has been widely used in the field of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) to alleviate the problem of data scarcity. However, these synthetic data are mainly used in the pre-training phase…

Metrics for evaluating generative models aim to measure the discrepancy between real and generated images. The often-used Frechet Inception Distance (FID) metric, for example, extracts "high-level" features using a deep network from the two…

This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review of generative models (GANs, VAEs, DMs, and LLMs) used to synthesize various medical data types, including imaging (dermoscopic, mammographic, ultrasound, CT, MRI, and X-ray), text,…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can play a key role in Medical Image Analysis under large-scale annotated datasets. However, preparing such massive dataset is demanding. In this context, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can…

Data Augmentation through generating pseudo data has been proven effective in mitigating the challenge of data scarcity in the field of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC). Various augmentation strategies have been widely explored, most of…

Time-series data augmentation mitigates the issue of insufficient training data for deep learning models. Yet, existing augmentation methods are mainly designed for classification, where class labels can be preserved even if augmentation…

Augmentation by generative modelling yields a promising alternative to the accumulation of surgical data, where ethical, organisational and regulatory aspects must be considered. Yet, the joint synthesis of (image, mask) pairs for…

In the field of healthcare, electronic health records (EHR) serve as crucial training data for developing machine learning models for diagnosis, treatment, and the management of healthcare resources. However, medical datasets are often…

Access to high-quality medical data is often restricted due to privacy concerns, posing significant challenges for training artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms within Electronic Health Record (EHR) applications. In this study, prompt…

Current data augmentation techniques and transformations are well suited for improving the size and quality of natural image datasets but are not yet optimized for medical imaging. We hypothesize that sub-optimal data augmentations can…

A ubiquitous challenge in machine learning is the problem of domain generalisation. This can exacerbate bias against groups or labels that are underrepresented in the datasets used for model development. Model bias can lead to unintended…

The increasing reliance on large-scale datasets in machine learning poses significant privacy and ethical challenges, particularly in sensitive domains such as face recognition. Synthetic data generation offers a promising alternative;…

Deep artificial neural networks require a large corpus of training data in order to effectively learn, where collection of such training data is often expensive and laborious. Data augmentation overcomes this issue by artificially inflating…