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Lightweight authentication is essential for resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT). Implementable with low resource and operable with low power, Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have the potential as hardware primitives for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yu Zhuang , Gaoxiang Li

Considering the prospects of public key embedding (PKE) mechanism in active forensics on the integrity or identity of ciphertext for distributed deep learning security, two reversible data hiding in encrypted domain (RDH-ED) algorithms with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Yan Ke , Minqing Zhang , Xinpeng Zhang , Yiliang Han , Jia Liu

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows arbitrarily complex computations on encrypted data without ever needing to decrypt it, thus enabling us to maintain data privacy on third-party systems. Unfortunately, sustaining deep computations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Leo de Castro , Rashmi Agrawal , Rabia Yazicigil , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Chiraag Juvekar , Ajay Joshi

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are widely adopted due to their efficiency and portability; however, their decoding algorithms still face multiple challenges, including inadequate generalization,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tianwang Jia , Xiaoqing Chen , Dongrui Wu

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computation over encrypted data, offering strong privacy guarantees for untrusted computing environments. Practical adoption remains limited by high computational complexity, large ciphertext sizes, and…

As IoT ecosystems continue to expand across critical sectors, they have become prominent targets for increasingly sophisticated and large-scale malware attacks. The evolving threat landscape, combined with the sensitive nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Rami Darwish , Mahmoud Abdelsalam , Sajad Khorsandroo , Kaushik Roy

Cloud computing is emerging as a revolutionary computing paradigm, while security and privacy become major concerns in the cloud scenario. For which Searchable Encryption (SE) technology is proposed to support efficient retrieval of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Ruihui Zhao , Yuanliang Sun , Mizuho Iwaihara

Since the first theoretically feasible full homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme was proposed in 2009, great progress has been achieved. These improvements have made FHE schemes come off the paper and become quite useful in solving some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yuqi Guo , Lin Li , Zhongxiang Zheng , Hanrui Yun , Ruoyan Zhang , Xiaolin Chang , Zhixuan Gao

This paper presents the PUF finite state machine (PUF-FSM) that is served as a practical {\it controlled} strong PUF. Previous controlled PUF designs have the difficulties of stabilizing the noisy PUF responses where the error correction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-27 Yansong Gao , Damith C. Ranasinghe

Computation on ciphertexts of all known fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes induces some noise, which, if too large, will destroy the plaintext. Therefore, the bootstrapping technique that re-encrypts a ciphertext and reduces the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Kamil Kluczniak , Leonard Schild

Firmware refers to device read-only resident code which includes microcode and macro-instruction -level routines. For Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices without an operating system, firmware includes all the necessary instructions on how such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Solon Falas , Charalambos Konstantinou , Maria K. Michael

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables privacy preserving computation but it suffers from high latency and memory consumption. The computations are secured with special keys called rotation keys which often take up the majority of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Eymen Ünay , Björn Franke , Jackson Woodruff

Cryptographic algorithms such as AES-128 and SHA-256 are fundamental to ensuring data security and integrity. Although these algorithms are computationally efficient, their performance is often constrained by the processor-centric…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Nicola Barcarolo , Brahmaiah Gandham , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Roberto Passerone , Onur Mutlu , Flavio Vella

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a cryptographic scheme that enables computations to be performed directly on encrypted data, as if the data were in plaintext. After all computations are performed on the encrypted data, it can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ronny Ko

Camouflaging gate techniques are typically used in hardware security to prevent reverse engineering. Layout level camouflaging by adding dummy contacts ensures some level of protection against extracting the correct netlist. Threshold…

Fuzzy extractors (FE) are cryptographic primitives that extract reliable cryptographic key from noisy real world random sources such as biometric sources. The FE generation algorithm takes a source sample, extracts a key and generates some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Somnath Panja , Shaoquan Jiang , Reihaneh Safavi-Naini

We propose an efficient encrypted policy synthesis to develop privacy-preserving model-based reinforcement learning. We first demonstrate that the relative-entropy-regularized reinforcement learning framework offers a computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jihoon Suh , Yeongjun Jang , Kaoru Teranishi , Takashi Tanaka

Fully encrypted protocol-based tools (FEPs) are tools commonly used to circumvent censorship in restrictive regions, valued for their performance and security. However, in recent years, censors have been able to block them using an array of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Sarah Wilson , Stella Tian , Sina Kamali

Embedded field programmable gate array (eFPGA) technology allows the implementation of reconfigurable logic within the design of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). This approach offers the low power and efficiency of an ASIC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Julia Gonski , Aseem Gupta , Haoyi Jia , Hyunjoon Kim , Lorenzo Rota , Larry Ruckman , Angelo Dragone , Ryan Herbst

FHE offers protection to private data on third-party cloud servers by allowing computations on the data in encrypted form. However, to support general-purpose encrypted computations, all existing FHE schemes require an expensive operation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Rashmi Agrawal , Leo de Castro , Guowei Yang , Chiraag Juvekar , Rabia Yazicigil , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Ajay Joshi