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While diffusion models have shown exceptional capabilities in aesthetic image synthesis, they often struggle with complex spatial understanding and reasoning. Existing approaches resort to Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Wei Chen , Yancheng Long , Mingqiao Liu , Haojie Ding , Yankai Yang , Hongyang Wei , Yi-Fan Zhang , Bin Wen , Fan Yang , Tingting Gao , Han Li , Long Chen

Spatial profiling technologies in biology, such as imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and spatial transcriptomics (ST), generate high-dimensional, multi-channel data with strong spatial alignment and complex inter-channel relationships.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haoran Zhang , Mingyuan Zhou , Wesley Tansey

Machine learning (ML) offers considerable promise for the design of new molecules and materials. In real-world applications, the design problem is often domain-specific, and suffers from insufficient data, particularly labeled data, for ML…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Ming Han , Ge Sun , Juan J. de Pablo

Molecular representation learning has shown great success in advancing AI-based drug discovery. The core of many recent works is based on the fact that the 3D geometric structure of molecules provides essential information about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jiying Zhang , Zijing Liu , Yu Wang , Yu Li

We present a novel image editing scenario termed Text-grounded Object Generation (TOG), defined as generating a new object in the real image spatially conditioned by textual descriptions. Existing diffusion models exhibit limitations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xiangtian Xue , Jiasong Wu , Youyong Kong , Lotfi Senhadji , Huazhong Shu

Molecular structure generation is a fundamental problem that involves determining the 3D positions of molecules' constituents. It has crucial biological applications, such as molecular docking, protein folding, and molecular design. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenyin Zhou , Christopher Iliffe Sprague , Vsevolod Viliuga , Matteo Tadiello , Arne Elofsson , Hossein Azizpour

Masked diffusion models have demonstrated competitive results on various tasks including language generation. However, due to its iterative refinement process, the inference is often bottlenecked by slow and static sampling speed. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Seo Hyun Kim , Sunwoo Hong , Hojung Jung , Youngrok Park , Se-Young Yun

Text-to-image generation executes a diffusion workflow comprising multiple models centered on a base diffusion model. Existing serving systems treat each workflow as an opaque monolith, provisioning, placing, and scaling all constituent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Lingyun Yang , Suyi Li , Tianyu Feng , Xiaoxiao Jiang , Zhipeng Di , Weiyi Lu , Kan Liu , Yinghao Yu , Tao Lan , Guodong Yang , Lin Qu , Liping Zhang , Wei Wang

Accurate molecular property prediction (MPP) is a critical step in modern drug development. However, the scarcity of experimental validation data poses a significant challenge to AI-driven research paradigms. Under few-shot learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yifan Dai , Xuanbai Ren , Tengfei Ma , Qipeng Yan , Yiping Liu , Yuansheng Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

Robots operating in human environments must be able to rearrange objects into semantically-meaningful configurations, even if these objects are previously unseen. In this work, we focus on the problem of building physically-valid structures…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Weiyu Liu , Yilun Du , Tucker Hermans , Sonia Chernova , Chris Paxton

Machine learning in drug discovery has been focused on virtual screening of molecular libraries using discriminative models. Generative models are an entirely different approach that learn to represent and optimize molecules in a continuous…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-17 Matthew Ragoza , Tomohide Masuda , David Ryan Koes

Crystal structure generation is a foundational challenge in materials discovery, particularly in designing functional inorganic crystalline materials with desired properties. Most existing diffusion-based generative models for crystals rely…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-13 Sourav Mal , Subhankar Mishra , Prasenjit Sen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly recognized as powerful tools for scientific discovery, particularly in molecular science. A fundamental requirement for these models is the ability to accurately understand molecular structures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yunhui Jang , Jaehyung Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

In this paper, we learn a diffusion model to generate 3D data on a scene-scale. Specifically, our model crafts a 3D scene consisting of multiple objects, while recent diffusion research has focused on a single object. To realize our goal,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Jumin Lee , Woobin Im , Sebin Lee , Sung-Eui Yoon

Improving the detailed understanding of the underlying properties and functions of biomolecules has recently attracted growing interest, enabled by the possibility of real-space imaging of single, intact macromolecules using Scanning…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Tim J. Seifert , Dhaneesh Kumar , Markus Etzkorn , Stephan Rauschenbach , Klaus Kern , Kelvin Anggara , Uta Schlickum

Deep learning has proven to yield fast and accurate predictions of quantum-chemical properties to accelerate the discovery of novel molecules and materials. As an exhaustive exploration of the vast chemical space is still infeasible, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-10 Niklas W. A. Gebauer , Michael Gastegger , Kristof T. Schütt

Molecule generation is advancing rapidly in chemical discovery and drug design. Flow matching methods have recently set the state of the art (SOTA) in unconditional molecule generation, surpassing score-based diffusion models. However,…

Searching for novel molecular compounds with desired properties is an important problem in drug discovery. Many existing frameworks generate molecules one atom at a time. We instead propose a flexible editing paradigm that generates…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-02 Benson Chen , Xiang Fu , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Humans naturally obtain intuition about the interactions between and the stability of rigid objects by observing and interacting with the world. It is this intuition that governs the way in which we regularly configure objects in our…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Luzhe Sun , Takuma Yoneda , Samuel W. Wheeler , Tianchong Jiang , Matthew R. Walter

Recent work has demonstrated a remarkable ability to customize text-to-image diffusion models to multiple, fine-grained concepts in a sequential (i.e., continual) manner while only providing a few example images for each concept. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 James Seale Smith , Yen-Chang Hsu , Zsolt Kira , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin