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Large Language Models (LLMs) tend to generate a long reasoning chain when solving complex tasks. However, as the reasoning chain extends, critical intermediate steps and the original prompt will be buried in the context, receiving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Hongxiang Zhang , Yuan Tian , Tianyi Zhang

Reasoning is a cognitive process of using evidence to reach a sound conclusion. The reasoning capability is essential for large language models (LLMs) to serve as the brain of the artificial general intelligence agent. Recent studies reveal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Peiyi Wang , Lei Li , Liang Chen , Feifan Song , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Tianyu Liu , Zhifang Sui

Effective feature interaction modeling is critical for enhancing the accuracy of click-through rate (CTR) prediction in industrial recommender systems. Most of the current deep CTR models resort to building complex network architectures to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Honghao Li , Qiuze Ru , Yiwen Zhang , Yi Zhang , Lei Sang , Yun Yang

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a critical task in online display advertising. The data involved in CTR prediction are typically multi-field categorical data, i.e., every feature is categorical and belongs to one and only one field.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Junwei Pan , Jian Xu , Alfonso Lobos Ruiz , Wenliang Zhao , Shengjun Pan , Yu Sun , Quan Lu

Large language models have an exceptional capability to incorporate new information in a contextual manner. However, the full potential of such an approach is often restrained due to a limitation in the effective context length. One…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Szymon Tworkowski , Konrad Staniszewski , Mikołaj Pacek , Yuhuai Wu , Henryk Michalewski , Piotr Miłoś

Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have borrowed the long context paradigm from natural language processing under the premise that feeding more history into the model improves forecast quality. But in stochastic domains, distant history…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rishi Ahuja , Kumar Prateek , Simranjit Singh , Vijay Kumar

Current transformer-based change detection (CD) approaches either employ a pre-trained model trained on large-scale image classification ImageNet dataset or rely on first pre-training on another CD dataset and then fine-tuning on the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Mubashir Noman , Mustansar Fiaz , Hisham Cholakkal , Sanath Narayan , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Reinforcement finetuning (RFT) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for unlocking reasoning capabilities in large language models. However, we identify a critical trade-off: while unconstrained RFT achieves strong reasoning performance, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shuozhe Li , Jincheng Cao , Bodun Hu , Aryan Mokhtari , Leqi Liu , Amy Zhang

The Transformer is a highly successful deep learning model that has revolutionised the world of artificial neural networks, first in natural language processing and later in computer vision. This model is based on the attention mechanism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Riccardo Ughi , Eugenio Lomurno , Matteo Matteucci

Transformers (Vaswani et al., 2017) have brought a remarkable improvement in the performance of neural machine translation (NMT) systems but they could be surprisingly vulnerable to noise. In this work, we try to investigate how noise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Peyman Passban , Puneeth S. M. Saladi , Qun Liu

Scaling test-time compute has proven highly effective for language models, yet this opportunity remains largely unexplored for industrial Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction. CTR models suffer from a fundamental asymmetry: feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Moyu Zhang , Yun Chen , Yujun Jin , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng

Structured data is widely used in domains such as healthcare, finance, and scientific data management. Recent studies on structured data foundation models (SFMs) aim to support data analysis and mining tasks over such data, but still face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhenghang Song , Tang Qian , Lu Chen , Yushuai Li , Zhengke Hu , Bingbing Fang , Yumeng Song , Junbo Zhao , Sheng Zhang , Tianyi Li

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a fundamental task in modern recommender systems. In recent years, the integration of large language models (LLMs) has been shown to effectively enhance the performance of traditional CTR methods.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yu Cui , Feng Liu , Jiawei Chen , Xingyu Lou , Changwang Zhang , Jun Wang , Yuegang Sun , Xiaohu Yang , Can Wang

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, crucial in applications like recommender systems and online advertising, involves ranking items based on the likelihood of user clicks. User behavior sequence modeling has marked progress in CTR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hengyu Zhang , Chang Meng , Wei Guo , Huifeng Guo , Jieming Zhu , Guangpeng Zhao , Ruiming Tang , Xiu Li

Recommendation Systems have become integral to modern user experiences, but lack transparency in their decision-making processes. Existing explainable recommendation methods are hindered by reliance on a post-hoc paradigm, wherein…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Xiaohan Yu , Li Zhang , Chong Chen

CRATE, a white-box transformer architecture designed to learn compressed and sparse representations, offers an intriguing alternative to standard vision transformers (ViTs) due to its inherent mathematical interpretability. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Jinrui Yang , Xianhang Li , Druv Pai , Yuyin Zhou , Yi Ma , Yaodong Yu , Cihang Xie

Although deep pre-trained language models have shown promising benefit in a large set of industrial scenarios, including Click-Through-Rate (CTR) prediction, how to integrate pre-trained language models that handle only textual signals into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Dong Wang , Kavé Salamatian , Yunqing Xia , Weiwei Deng , Qi Zhiang

Large language models exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, yet often rely on shortcuts such as surface pattern matching and answer memorization rather than genuine logical inference. We propose Shortcut-Aware Reasoning Training (SART), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hongyu Cao , Kunpeng Liu , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

Continual Pre-training (CPT) serves as a fundamental approach for adapting foundation models to domain-specific applications. Scaling laws for pre-training define a power-law relationship between dataset size and the test loss of an LLM.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Lei Liu , Hao Zhu , Yue Shen , Zhixuan Chu , Jian Wang , Jinjie Gu , Kui Ren

Tabular learning transforms raw features into optimized spaces for downstream tasks, but its effectiveness deteriorates under distribution shifts between training and testing data. We formalize this challenge as the Distribution Shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Wangyang Ying , Nanxu Gong , Dongjie Wang , Xinyuan Wang , Arun Vignesh Malarkkan , Vivek Gupta , Chandan K. Reddy , Yanjie Fu