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Electrocatalytic processes occurring at the heterogeneous interface are complex and their understanding at the molecular level remains challenging. Atomic force microscope (AFM) can detect force interactions down to the atomic level, but so…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Nataraju Bodappa , Zixiao Zhang , Ramin Yazdaanpanah , Wyatt Behn , Kirk H. Bevan , Gregory Jerkiewicz , Peter Grutter

Electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are an important component for the transition from fossil to sustainable energy. Commercialization of cost-effective earth-abundant electrocatalysts is in large parts hindered by…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-10-31 Marcel Risch

The formation, growth and detachment of gas bubbles on electrodes are omnipresent in electrolysis and other gas-producing chemical processes. To better understand their role in the mass transfer efficiency, we perform experiments involving…

The correlation between ex situ electronic conductivity, oxygen vacancy content, flat-band potential (Efb), and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity for a wide range of perovskite compositions are investigated experimentally and…

Three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of electrolysis is applied to investigate the growth and detachment of bubbles at electrodes. The moving gas-liquid interface is modeled employing the VOF-based method. To ensure the accuracy of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-19 Wei Qin , Tian Long , Jacob Maarek , Stéphane Zaleski

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with intractable high overpotential is the rate-limiting step for rechargeable metal-air battery, water electrolysis systems, and solar fuels devices. There exists a spin state transition from spin singlet…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-04-14 Xiaoning Li , Zhenxiang Cheng , Xiaolin Wang

Transition metal oxides are state-of-the-art materials for catalysing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whose slow kinetics currently limit the efficiency of water electrolysis. However, microscale physicochemical heterogeneity between…

We investigate the effect of the surface electronic structure and composition of LiMn$_2$O$_4$ nanoparticles on the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) electron energy loss…

A comprehensive understanding of the electrode-electrolyte interface in energy conversion systems remains challenging due to the complex and multifaceted nature of interfacial processes. This complexity hinders the development of more…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Ben Wang , Tomohiro Fukushima , Hiro Minamimoto , Andrey Lyalin , Kei Murakoshi , Tetsuya Taketsugu

For generation of sustainable, clean and highly efficient energy, the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction represents an attractive platform, thus inviting immense research activities in recent years. However, designing the catalyst…

Perovskite oxynitride photocatalysts were reported by experiment to evolve small amounts of N$_2$ due to the self-oxidation of nitrogen ions by photo-generated holes. The N$_2$ evolution rate was observed to decrease with increasing…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-04-08 Hassan Ouhbi , Ulrich Aschauer

Experimentally determined thermodynamic parameters are rarely reported for electrocatalytic reactions including the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Yet, they contain unique and valuable mechanistic insight and present a missing link to…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 Joaquín Morales-Santelices , Marcel Risch

Bubble nucleation at catalyst surfaces plays a critical role in the operation of electrolyzers. However, achieving controlled bubble nucleation remains challenging due to limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we present…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-13 Qingguang Xie , Paolo Malgaretti , Othmane Aouane , Simon Thiele , Jens Harting

A series of First Principles calculations is undertaken to characterize and explain the enhancement of the catalytic activity of oxygen on top of very disordered nanomaterials of Pt. As the adsorption of OH fragment on top of the surfaces…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-02-02 Olivier Le Bacq

Electrogenerated gas nanobubbles strongly influence the performance of electrochemical energy-conversion systems, yet their nucleation and early evolution remain poorly understood due to limitations of existing experimental and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-19 Nima Shakourifar , Nana Ofori-Opoku , Benzhong Zhao

A brief analysis of the physics and effects of electrolytic gas evolution is presented. Aspects considered include bubble nucleation, growth, and detachment, enhancement of mass and heat transfer, and decrease of apparent electrical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Cesar A. C. Sequeira , Diogo M. F. Santos , Biljana Sljukic , Luis Amaral

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays an important role in evaluating a photocatalyst and to understand its surface chemistry. In this work we present a comparative study of the OER on the oxide NaTaO$_3$ (113) surface and the…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-10-17 Hassan Ouhbi , Ulrich Aschauer

NiFe oxyhydroxide is one of the most promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts for renewable hydrogen production, and deciphering the identity and reactivity of the oxygen intermediates on its surface is a key challenge but is…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-01 Yaming Hao , Yefei Li , Jianxiang Wu , Jinling Wang , Chenglin Jia , Tao Liu , Xuejing Yang , Zhipan Liu , Ming Gong

Determining the nature of surface roughness and electrode pore structure on H2 bubble evolution rate and quantity, and bubble trapping under electrolytic conditions is important for quantifying useful gas production during total water…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-19 Matthew Ferguson , Alex Lonergan , Christopher Kent , Dara Fitzpatrick , Colm O'Dwyer

The evolution of electrogenerated gas bubbles during water electrolysis can significantly hamper the overall process efficiency. Promoting the departure of electrochemically generated bubbles during (water) electrolysis is therefore…

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