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Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) improves the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values by training directly on human preference datasets, eliminating the need for reward models. However, due to the presence of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Biqing Qi , Pengfei Li , Fangyuan Li , Junqi Gao , Kaiyan Zhang , Bowen Zhou

Deep neural networks have achieved unprecedented success on diverse vision tasks. However, they are vulnerable to adversarial noise that is imperceptible to humans. This phenomenon negatively affects their deployment in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Jianping Zhang , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxuan Wang , Yichen Li , Weibin Wu , Xiaosen Wang , Yuxin Su , Michael R. Lyu

With the development of deep learning, Dynamic Portfolio Optimization (DPO) problem has received a lot of attention in recent years, not only in the field of finance but also in the field of deep learning. Some advanced research in recent…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Runsheng Lin , Zihan Xing , Mingze Ma , Raymond S. T. Lee

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. Moreover, the transferability of the adversarial examples has received broad attention in recent years, which means that adversarial examples crafted by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Dingcheng Yang , Wenjian Yu , Zihao Xiao , Jiaqi Luo

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can fool deep models by adding subtle perturbations. Although existing attacks have achieved promising results, it still leaves a long way to go for generating transferable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Yexin Duan , Junhua Zou , Xingyu Zhou , Wu Zhang , Jin Zhang , Zhisong Pan

Human image generation is a key focus in image synthesis due to its broad applications, but even slight inaccuracies in anatomy, pose, or details can compromise realism. To address these challenges, we explore Direct Preference Optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sanghyeon Na , Yonggyu Kim , Hyunjoon Lee

Parameters in deep neural networks which are trained on large-scale databases can generalize across multiple domains, which is referred as "transferability". Unfortunately, the transferability is usually defined as discrete states and it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Yinghua Zhang , Yu Zhang , Qiang Yang

In this paper, a new parameter perturbation attack on DNNs, called adversarial parameter attack, is proposed, in which small perturbations to the parameters of the DNN are made such that the accuracy of the attacked DNN does not decrease…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Lijia Yu , Yihan Wang , Xiao-Shan Gao

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a cornerstone of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) due to its simplicity and efficiency. However, existing DPO-based methods typically treat all preference pairs equally,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shangpin Peng , Weinong Wang , Zhuotao Tian , Senqiao Yang , Xing Wu , Haotian Xu , Chengquan Zhang , Takashi Isobe , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

This study addresses the challenge of noise in training datasets for Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), a method for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. We categorize noise into pointwise noise, which includes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Junkang Wu , Yuexiang Xie , Zhengyi Yang , Jiancan Wu , Jiawei Chen , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

When fine-tuning pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) to align with human values and intentions, maximizing the estimated reward can lead to superior performance, but it also introduces potential risks due to deviations from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Lijun Zhang , Lin Li , Yajie Qi , Huizhong Song , Yaodong Yang , Jun Wang , Wei Wei

After developer adjustments to a machine learning (ML) algorithm, how can the results of an old hyperparameter optimization (HPO) automatically be used to speedup a new HPO? This question poses a challenging problem, as developer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Danny Stoll , Jörg K. H. Franke , Diane Wagner , Simon Selg , Frank Hutter

Deep Learning (DL) has advanced various fields by extracting complex patterns from large datasets. However, the computational demands of DL models pose environmental and resource challenges. Deep shift neural networks (DSNNs) offer a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Leona Hennig , Tanja Tornede , Marius Lindauer

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is critical for enhancing the performance of machine learning models, yet it often involves a computationally intensive search across a large parameter space. Traditional approaches such as Grid Search and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Md. Tarek Hasan

Preference-based alignment objectives have been widely adopted, from RLHF-style pairwise learning in large language models to emerging applications in recommender systems. Yet, existing work rarely examines how Direct Preference…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hejin Huang , Jusheng Zhang , Kaitong Cai , Jian Wang , Rong Pan

Direct preference optimization (\texttt{DPO}) has emerged as a promising approach for solving the alignment problem in AI. In this paper, we make two counter-intuitive observations about \texttt{DPO}. First, we show that \texttt{DPO} loss…

This paper addresses the challenge of edge caching in dynamic environments, where rising traffic loads strain backhaul links and core networks. We propose a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)-based caching strategy that fully incorporates…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Farnaz Niknia , Ping Wang

The hyper-parameter optimization (HPO) process is imperative for finding the best-performing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The automation process of HPO is characterized by its sizable computational footprint and its lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Ibrahim Shaer , Soodeh Nikan , Abdallah Shami

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has been successfully used to align large language models (LLMs) according to human preferences, and more recently it has also been applied to improving the quality of text-to-image diffusion models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shivanshu Shekhar , Shreyas Singh , Tong Zhang

Deep Optimisation (DO) combines evolutionary search with Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in a novel way - not for optimising a learning algorithm, but for finding a solution to an optimisation problem. Deep learning has been successfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 J. R. Caldwell , R. A. Watson , C. Thies , J. D. Knowles