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The effectiveness of self-supervised learning (SSL) for physiological time series depends on the ability of a pretraining objective to preserve information about the underlying physiological state while filtering out unrelated noise.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yenho Chen , Maxwell A. Xu , James M. Rehg , Christopher J. Rozell

Electroencephalography (EEG) motor imagery (MI) classification is a fundamental, yet challenging task due to the variation of signals between individuals i.e., inter-subject variability. Previous approaches try to mitigate this using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Sion An , Myeongkyun Kang , Soopil Kim , Philip Chikontwe , Li Shen , Sang Hyun Park

Transformer neural networks require a large amount of labeled data to train effectively. Such data is often scarce in electroencephalography, as annotations made by medical experts are costly. This is why self-supervised training, using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-11 Tim Bary , Benoit Macq

EEG signals capture brain activity with high temporal and low spatial resolution, supporting applications such as neurological diagnosis, cognitive monitoring, and brain-computer interfaces. However, effective analysis is hindered by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Amirabbas Hojjati , Lu Li , Ibrahim Hameed , Anis Yazidi , Pedro G. Lind , Rabindra Khadka

Self-supervised approaches for electroencephalography (EEG) representation learning face three specific challenges inherent to EEG data: (1) The low signal-to-noise ratio which challenges the quality of the representation learned, (2) The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Geoffrey Mackellar , Soheila Ghane , Saad Irtza , Nam Nguyen , Mahsa Salehi

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used tool for studying brain function, with applications in clinical neuroscience, diagnosis, and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Recent EEG foundation models trained on large unlabeled corpora aim…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Saarang Panchavati , Uddhav Panchavati , Hiroki Nariai , Corey Arnold , William Speier

Position encoding (PE), an essential part of self-attention networks (SANs), is used to preserve the word order information for natural language processing tasks, generating fixed position indices for input sequences. However, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Liang Ding , Longyue Wang , Dacheng Tao

Continuous electroencephalography (EEG) is routinely used in neurocritical care to monitor seizures and other harmful brain activity, including rhythmic and periodic patterns that are clinically significant. Although deep learning methods…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Argha Kamal Samanta , Deepak Mewada , Monalisa Sarma , Debasis Samanta

This paper proposes a method to construct pretext tasks for self-supervised learning on group equivariant neural networks. Group equivariant neural networks are the models whose structure is restricted to commute with the transformations on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yusuke Mukuta , Tatsuya Harada

Deep auto-encoders (DAEs) have achieved great success in learning data representations via the powerful representability of neural networks. But most DAEs only focus on the most dominant structures which are able to reconstruct the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Zhao Kang , Xiao Lu , Jian Liang , Kun Bai , Zenglin Xu

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a prominent non-invasive neuroimaging technique providing insights into brain function. Unfortunately, EEG data exhibit a high degree of noise and variability across subjects hampering generalizable signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Anders Vestergaard Nørskov , Alexander Neergaard Zahid , Morten Mørup

This study explores the application of self-supervised learning (SSL) to the task of motion forecasting, an area that has not yet been extensively investigated despite the widespread success of SSL in computer vision and natural language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Jie Cheng , Xiaodong Mei , Ming Liu

Extracting information from the electrocardiography (ECG) signal is an essential step in the design of digital health technologies in cardiology. In recent years, several machine learning (ML) algorithms for automatic extraction of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-18 Adrian Atienza , Jakob Bardram , Sadasivan Puthusserypady

Transformer has shown promising results in many sequence to sequence transformation tasks recently. It utilizes a number of feed-forward self-attention layers to replace the recurrent neural networks (RNN) in attention-based encoder decoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Pan Zhou , Ruchao Fan , Wei Chen , Jia Jia

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a highly effective approach in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. It is also applicable to brain signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) data, given the abundance of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-22 Yuqi Chen , Kan Ren , Kaitao Song , Yansen Wang , Yifan Wang , Dongsheng Li , Lili Qiu

Towards practical applications of Electroencephalography (EEG), lightweight acquisition devices garner significant attention. However, EEG channel selection methods are commonly data-sensitive and cannot establish a unified sound paradigm…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-03 Dongdong Li , Zhongliang Zeng , Zhe Wang , Hai Yang

In the domain of cardiovascular healthcare, the Electrocardiogram (ECG) serves as a critical, non-invasive diagnostic tool. Although recent strides in self-supervised learning (SSL) have been promising for ECG representation learning, these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Che Liu , Zhongwei Wan , Sibo Cheng , Mi Zhang , Rossella Arcucci

Modern sensing systems generate large volumes of unlabeled multivariate time-series data. This abundance of unlabeled data makes self-supervised learning (SSL) a natural approach for learning transferable representations. However, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuliang Chen , Arvind Pillai , Yu Yvonne Wu , Tess Z. Griffin , Lisa Marsch , Michael V. Heinz , Nicholas C. Jacobson , Andrew Campbell

Electrocardiograms (ECG) are widely employed as a diagnostic tool for monitoring electrical signals originating from a heart. Recent machine learning research efforts have focused on the application of screening various diseases using ECG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-20 Yeongyeon Na , Minje Park , Yunwon Tae , Sunghoon Joo

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neurological diagnostics, but its real-world deployment faces challenges due to noise artifacts, missing data, and high annotation costs. We introduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Yi Ding , Shreyas Sen