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Related papers: Reasoning: From Reflection to Solution

200 papers

Reasoning has emerged as the next major frontier for language models (LMs), with rapid advances from both academic and industrial labs. However, this progress often outpaces methodological rigor, with many evaluations relying on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Andreas Hochlehnert , Hardik Bhatnagar , Vishaal Udandarao , Samuel Albanie , Ameya Prabhu , Matthias Bethge

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive progress in mathematical reasoning tasks. However, current evaluation benchmarks predominantly focus on the accuracy of final answers, often overlooking the crucial…

Theory based AI research has had a hard time recently and the aim here is to propose a model of what LLMs are actually doing when they impress us with their language skills. The model integrates three established theories of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Peter Wallis

Numerical reasoning is an essential ability for NLP systems to handle numeric information. Recent research indicates that fine-tuning a small-scale model to learn generating reasoning processes alongside answers can significantly enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Dingzirui Wang , Longxu Dou , Xuanliang Zhang , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Recommender systems are tasked to infer users' evolving preferences and rank items aligned with their intents, which calls for in-depth reasoning beyond pattern-based scoring. Recent efforts start to leverage large language models (LLMs)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Kehan Zheng , Deyao Hong , Qian Li , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu , Jie Jiang , Hongning Wang

Although contemporary large language models (LMs) demonstrate impressive question-answering capabilities, their answers are typically the product of a single call to the model. This entails an unwelcome degree of opacity and compromises…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Antonia Creswell , Murray Shanahan

Recursive reasoning systems alternate between acquiring new evidence and refining an accumulated understanding. Two design choices are typically left implicit: how to represent the evolving reasoning state, and when to stop iterating. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Debashis Guha , Amritendu Mukherjee , Sanjay Kukreja , Tarun Kumar

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate that chain-of-thought prompting and deep reasoning substantially enhance performance on complex tasks, and multi-agent systems can further improve accuracy by enabling model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zehui Ling , Deshu Chen , Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Xigui Li , Xin Guo , Yuan Cheng

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in combining deep learning models with reasoning in order to handle more sophisticated learning tasks. In many cases, a reasoning task can be solved by an iterative algorithm. This algorithm is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Xinshi Chen , Yufei Zhang , Christoph Reisinger , Le Song

Causal reasoning is a cornerstone of human intelligence and a critical capability for artificial systems aiming to achieve advanced understanding and decision-making. This thesis delves into various dimensions of causal reasoning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhijing Jin

Background & Objectives: In the last decade, Machine learning research has grown rapidly, but large models are reaching their soft limits demonstrating diminishing returns and still lack solid reasoning abilities. These limits could be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ioannis Konstantoulas , Dimosthenis Tsimas , Pavlos Peppas , Kyriakos Sgarbas

This paper proposes a conceptual framework in which intelligence and consciousness emerge from relational structure rather than from prediction or domain-specific mechanisms. Intelligence is defined as the capacity to form and integrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Sean Niklas Semmler

Recent advancements in reasoning-enhanced large language models (LLMs), such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI-o3, have demonstrated significant progress. However, their application in professional medical contexts remains underexplored,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Shuyu Liu , Weike Zhao , Zhuoxia Chen , Hongfei Gu , Chuanjin Peng , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Logical reasoning is central to human cognition and intelligence. It includes deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning. Past research of logical reasoning within AI uses formal language as knowledge representation and symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Zonglin Yang , Xinya Du , Rui Mao , Jinjie Ni , Erik Cambria

The rapid advancements in large Language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities, driven by various strategies such as multi-agent collaboration. However, unlike the well-established performance improvements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zihan Chen , Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Xingbo Fu , Zhenyu Lei , Peng Wang , Huan Liu , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and is applicable in various fields, including science, engineering, finance, and everyday life. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems capable of solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Pan Lu , Liang Qiu , Wenhao Yu , Sean Welleck , Kai-Wei Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly described as possessing strong reasoning capabilities, supported by high performance on mathematical, logical, and planning benchmarks. However, most existing evaluations rely on aggregate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Md. Fahad Ullah Utsho , Mohd. Ruhul Ameen , Akif Islam , Md. Golam Rashed , Dipankar Das

Neural algorithmic reasoning aims to capture computations with neural networks by training models to imitate the execution of classical algorithms. While common architectures are expressive enough to contain the correct model in the weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Gleb Rodionov , Liudmila Prokhorenkova

Logical reasoning is central to complex human activities, such as thinking, debating, and planning; it is also a central component of many AI systems as well. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which encoder-only transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Paulo Pirozelli , Marcos M. José , Paulo de Tarso P. Filho , Anarosa A. F. Brandão , Fabio G. Cozman

Motivated reasoning - the idea that individuals processing information may be motivated to either arrive at accurate beliefs or arrive at desired conclusions - has been well-explored as a human phenomenon. However, it remains unclear…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Neeley Pate , Adiba Mahbub Proma , Hangfeng He , James N. Druckman , Daniel C. Molden , Gourab Ghoshal , Ehsan Hoque