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Large language models may encode sensitive information or outdated knowledge that needs to be removed, to ensure responsible and compliant model responses. Unlearning has emerged as an efficient alternative to full retraining, aiming to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuefeng Peng , Parnian Afshar , Megan Ganji , Thomas Butler , Amir Houmansadr , Mingxian Wang , Dezhi Hong

The task of "unlearning" certain concepts in large language models (LLMs) has attracted immense attention recently, due to its importance in mitigating undesirable model behaviours, such as the generation of harmful, private, or incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yihuai Hong , Lei Yu , Haiqin Yang , Shauli Ravfogel , Mor Geva

Machine unlearning is a prominent and challenging field, driven by regulatory demands for user data deletion and heightened privacy awareness. Existing approaches involve retraining model or multiple finetuning steps for each deletion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Sangamesh Kodge , Gobinda Saha , Kaushik Roy

Recently, serious concerns have been raised about the privacy issues related to training datasets in machine learning algorithms when including personal data. Various regulations in different countries, including the GDPR grant individuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Hyunjune Kim , Sangyong Lee , Simon S. Woo

The growing use of large language models in sensitive domains has exposed a critical weakness: the inability to ensure that private information can be permanently forgotten. Yet these systems still lack reliable mechanisms to guarantee that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 James Jin Kang , Dang Bui , Thanh Pham , Huo-Chong Ling

Large language models (LLMs) may memorize sensitive or copyrighted content, raising privacy and legal concerns. Due to the high cost of retraining from scratch, researchers attempt to employ machine unlearning to remove specific content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xiaojian Yuan , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Min Lin

As pretrained models are increasingly shared on the web, ensuring that models can forget or delete sensitive, copyrighted, or private information upon request has become crucial. Machine unlearning has been proposed to address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yurim Jang , Jaeung Lee , Dohyun Kim , Jaemin Jo , Simon S. Woo

Machine unlearning is a promising approach to mitigate undesirable memorization of training data in ML models. However, in this work we show that existing approaches for unlearning in LLMs are surprisingly susceptible to a simple set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shengyuan Hu , Yiwei Fu , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Knowledge erasure in large language models (LLMs) is important for ensuring compliance with data and AI regulations, safeguarding user privacy, mitigating bias, and misinformation. Existing unlearning methods aim to make the process of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yash Sinha , Manit Baser , Murari Mandal , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Mohan Kankanhalli

Large language model unlearning has garnered increasing attention due to its potential to address security and privacy concerns, leading to extensive research in the field. However, much of this research has concentrated on instance-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Weitao Ma , Xiaocheng Feng , Weihong Zhong , Lei Huang , Yangfan Ye , Xiachong Feng , Bing Qin

Large language model unlearning aims to remove harmful information that LLMs have learnt to prevent their use for malicious purposes. LLMU and RMU have been proposed as two methods for LLM unlearning, achieving impressive results on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jai Doshi , Asa Cooper Stickland

As privacy and security take center stage in AI, machine unlearning, the ability to erase specific knowledge from models, has garnered increasing attention. However, existing methods overly prioritize efficiency and aggressive forgetting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Jiaxing Miao , Liang Hu , Qi Zhang , Lai Zhong Yuan , Usman Naseem

Large language models inevitably retain sensitive information, defined as inputs that may induce harmful generations, due to training on massive web corpora, raising concerns for privacy and safety. Existing machine unlearning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yujie Lin , Chengyi Yang , Zhishang Xiang , Yiping Song , Jinsong Su

In order to adhere to regulatory standards governing individual data privacy and safety, machine learning models must systematically eliminate information derived from specific subsets of a user's training data that can no longer be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Subhodip Panda , Shashwat Sourav , Prathosh A. P

Machine unlearning, a novel area within artificial intelligence, focuses on addressing the challenge of selectively forgetting or reducing undesirable knowledge or behaviors in machine learning models, particularly in the context of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Saaketh Koundinya Gundavarapu , Shreya Agarwal , Arushi Arora , Chandana Thimmalapura Jagadeeshaiah

Machine unlearning (MU) seeks to remove knowledge of specific data samples from trained models without the necessity for complete retraining, a task made challenging by the dual objectives of effective erasure of data and maintaining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Mark He Huang , Lin Geng Foo , Jun Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across natural language processing tasks, yet their widespread deployment raises pressing concerns around privacy, copyright, security, and bias. Machine unlearning has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Tyler Lizzo , Larry Heck

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) aims to remove harmful training data while preserving overall utility. However, we find that existing methods often hallucinate, generate abnormal token sequences, or behave inconsistently, raising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Renjie Gu , Jiazhen Du , Yihua Zhang , Sijia Liu

Machine unlearning poses challenges in removing mislabeled, contaminated, or problematic data from a pretrained model. Current unlearning approaches and evaluation metrics are solely focused on model predictions, which limits insight into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Khoa Tran , Simon S. Woo

Recent advances in large reasoning models (LRMs) have enabled strong chain-of-thought (CoT) generation through test-time computation. While these multi-step reasoning capabilities represent a major milestone in language model performance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Changsheng Wang , Chongyu Fan , Yihua Zhang , Jinghan Jia , Dennis Wei , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Sijia Liu