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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities across various real-world applications. However, due to the current text-in-text-out paradigm, it remains challenging for LLMs to handle dynamic and complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Timothy Wei , Annabelle Miin , Anastasia Miin

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become fundamental to a broad spectrum of artificial intelligence applications. As the use of LLMs expands, precisely estimating the uncertainty in their predictions has become crucial.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mohammad Beigi , Sijia Wang , Ying Shen , Zihao Lin , Adithya Kulkarni , Jianfeng He , Feng Chen , Ming Jin , Jin-Hee Cho , Dawei Zhou , Chang-Tien Lu , Lifu Huang

Predictive uncertainty estimation is essential for deploying Deep Neural Networks in real-world autonomous systems. However, most successful approaches are computationally intensive. In this work, we attempt to address these challenges in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Gianni Franchi , Xuanlong Yu , Andrei Bursuc , Emanuel Aldea , Severine Dubuisson , David Filliat

Optimization problems are prevalent across various scenarios. Formulating and then solving optimization problems described by natural language often requires highly specialized human expertise, which could block the widespread application…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Caigao Jiang , Xiang Shu , Hong Qian , Xingyu Lu , Jun Zhou , Aimin Zhou , Yang Yu

Advances in the general capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have led to their use for information retrieval, and as components in automated decision systems. A faithful representation of probabilistic reasoning in these models may…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Gabriel Freedman , Francesca Toni

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents have been widely adopted in various fields, becoming essential for autonomous decision-making and interactive tasks. However, current work typically relies on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Shangheng Du , Jiabao Zhao , Jinxin Shi , Zhentao Xie , Xin Jiang , Yanhong Bai , Liang He

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited expert-level capabilities across various domains. However, their abilities to solve problems in Operations Research (OR) -- the analysis and optimization of mathematical models derived from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Akshit Kumar , Tianyi Peng , Yuhang Wu , Assaf Zeevi

Optimization modeling plays a critical role in the application of Operations Research (OR) tools to address real-world problems, yet they pose challenges and require extensive expertise from OR experts. With the advent of large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Chenyu Huang , Zhengyang Tang , Shixi Hu , Ruoqing Jiang , Xin Zheng , Dongdong Ge , Benyou Wang , Zizhuo Wang

Our study demonstrates the effective use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automating the classification of complex datasets. We specifically target proposals of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), as the clas-sification of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Christian Ziegler , Marcos Miranda , Guangye Cao , Gustav Arentoft , Doo Wan Nam

Optimization problems are pervasive in sectors from manufacturing and distribution to healthcare. However, most such problems are still solved heuristically by hand rather than optimally by state-of-the-art solvers because the expertise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Ali AhmadiTeshnizi , Wenzhi Gao , Madeleine Udell

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored across a range of reasoning tasks. However, LLMs sometimes struggle with reasoning tasks under uncertainty that are relatively easy for humans, such as planning actions in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ziwei Deng , Mian Deng , Chenjing Liang , Zeming Gao , Chennan Ma , Chenxing Lin , Haipeng Zhang , Songzhu Mei , Siqi Shen , Cheng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly transformed the landscape of artificial intelligence, enabling natural language interfaces and dynamic orchestration of software components. However, their reliance on probabilistic inference limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Claudionor Coelho , Yanen Li , Philip Tee

Query optimization is a critical task in database systems, focused on determining the most efficient way to execute a query from an enormous set of possible strategies. Traditional approaches rely on heuristic search methods and cost…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhiming Yao , Haoyang Li , Jing Zhang , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

A novel data-driven stochastic robust optimization (DDSRO) framework is proposed for optimization under uncertainty leveraging labeled multi-class uncertainty data. Uncertainty data in large datasets are often collected from various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Chao Ning , Fengqi You

We consider the optimization of an uncertain objective over continuous and multi-dimensional decision spaces in problems in which we are only provided with observational data. We propose a novel algorithmic framework that is tractable,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Dimitris Bertsimas , Christopher McCord

Operations research (OR) is a core methodology that supports complex system decision-making, with broad applications in transportation, supply chain management, and production scheduling. However, traditional approaches that rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yang Wang , Kai Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong generalization and reasoning abilities, making them well-suited for complex decision-making tasks such as medical consultation (MC). However, existing LLM-based methods often fail to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Zhihao Jia , Mingyi Jia , Junwen Duan , Jianxin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) integrated into multistep agent systems enable complex decision-making processes across various applications. However, their outputs often lack reliability, making uncertainty estimation crucial. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Qiwei Zhao , Xujiang Zhao , Yanchi Liu , Wei Cheng , Yiyou Sun , Mika Oishi , Takao Osaki , Katsushi Matsuda , Huaxiu Yao , Haifeng Chen

Recently, the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) on a wide range of tasks has attracted an increasing number of attempts to apply LLMs in drug discovery. However, molecule optimization, a critical task in the drug…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-22 Geyan Ye , Xibao Cai , Houtim Lai , Xing Wang , Junhong Huang , Longyue Wang , Wei Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

Growing renewable penetration introduces substantial uncertainty into power system operations, necessitating frequent adaptation of dispatch objectives and constraints and challenging expertise-intensive, near-real-time modeling workflows.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Chao Shen , Zihan Guo , Xu Wan , Zhenghao Yang , Yifan Zhang , Wengi Huang , Jie Song , Zongyan Zhang , Mingyang Sun