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This paper presents a whole-body robot control method for exploring and probing a given region of interest. The ergodic control formalism behind such an exploration behavior consists of matching the time-averaged statistics of a robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Cem Bilaloglu , Tobias Löw , Sylvain Calinon

In search and surveillance applications in robotics, it is intuitive to spatially distribute robot trajectories with respect to the probability of locating targets in the domain. Ergodic coverage is one such approach to trajectory planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Elif Ayvali , Hadi Salman , Howie Choset

In this article, we present a feedback control method for tactile coverage tasks, such as cleaning or surface inspection. These tasks are challenging to plan due to complex continuous physical interactions. In these tasks, the coverage…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Cem Bilaloglu , Tobias Löw , Sylvain Calinon

In this work, we address the problem of multi-robot adaptive coverage, where teams of robots perform dynamic sampling by continuously adjusting their positions to collect data in an environment. This task can be challenging, particularly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Thales Costa Silva , Nora Ayanian

Autonomous robotic exploration in remote and extreme environments allows scientists to model complex transport phenomena and collective behaviors described by continuously deforming flow fields. Although these environments are naturally…

This paper presents an active search trajectory synthesis technique for autonomous mobile robots with nonlinear measurements and dynamics. The presented approach uses the ergodicity of a planned trajectory with respect to an expected…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Lauren M. Miller , Yonatan Silverman , Malcolm A. MacIver , Todd D. Murphey

This paper addresses the problem of trajectory planning for information gathering with a dynamic and resolution-varying sensor footprint. Ergodic planning offers a principled framework that balances exploration (visiting all areas) and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Ziyue Zheng , Yongce Liu , Hesheng Wang , Zhongqiang Ren

We present a decentralized ergodic control policy for time-varying area coverage problems for multiple agents with nonlinear dynamics. Ergodic control allows us to specify distributions as objectives for area coverage problems for nonlinear…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Ian Abraham , Todd D. Murphey

Although a number of solutions exist for the problems of coverage, search and target localization---commonly addressed separately---whether there exists a unified strategy that addresses these objectives in a coherent manner without being…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Anastasia Mavrommati , Emmanouil Tzorakoleftherakis , Ian Abraham , Todd D. Murphey

This paper addresses the problem of enabling a robot to represent and recreate visual information through physical motion, focusing on drawing using pens, brushes, or other tools. This work uses ergodicity as a control objective that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Ahalya Prabhakar , Anastasia Mavrommati , Jarvis Schultz , Todd Murphey

Ergodic coverage effectively generates exploratory behaviors for embodied agents by aligning the spatial distribution of the agent's trajectory with a target distribution, where the difference between these two distributions is measured by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Max Muchen Sun , Allison Pinosky , Todd Murphey

This paper addresses the autonomous robot ergodicity problem for efficient environment exploration. The spatial distribution as a reference is given by a mixture of Gaussian and the mass generation of the robot is assumed to be skinny…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Rabiul Hasan Kabir , Kooktae Lee

One of the goals of active information acquisition using multi-robot teams is to keep the relative uncertainty in each region at the same level to maintain identical acquisition quality (e.g., consistent target detection) in all the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Benjamin Wong , Aaron Weber , Mohamed M. Safwat , Santosh Devasia , Ashis G. Banerjee

We present a novel formulation of ergodic trajectory optimization that can be specified over general domains using kernel maximum mean discrepancy. Ergodic trajectory optimization is an effective approach that generates coverage paths for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Christian Hughes , Houston Warren , Darrick Lee , Fabio Ramos , Ian Abraham

Robots with the ability to balance time against the thoroughness of search have the potential to provide time-critical assistance in applications such as search and rescue. Current advances in ergodic coverage-based search methods have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Dayi Dong , Henry Berger , Ian Abraham

Ergodic Optimization is the process of finding invariant probability measures that maximize the integral of a given function. It has been conjectured that "most" functions are optimized by measures supported on a periodic orbit, and it has…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Anthony Quas , Jason Siefken

This paper develops KL-Ergodic Exploration from Equilibrium ($\text{KL-E}^3$), a method for robotic systems to integrate stability into actively generating informative measurements through ergodic exploration. Ergodic exploration enables…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Ian Abraham , Ahalya Prabhakar , Todd D. Murphey

This research addresses the challenge of performing search missions in dynamic environments, particularly for drifting targets whose movement is dictated by a flow field. This is accomplished through a dynamical system that integrates two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Luka Lanča , Karlo Jakac , Sylvain Calinon , Stefan Ivić

We propose a novel autonomous robotic palpation framework for real-time elastic mapping during tissue exploration using a viscoelastic tissue model. The method combines force-based parameter estimation using a commercial force/torque sensor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Luca Beber , Edoardo Lamon , Matteo Saveriano , Daniele Fontanelli , Luigi Palopoli

This paper investigates performance guarantees on coverage-based ergodic exploration methods in environments containing disturbances. Ergodic exploration methods generate trajectories for autonomous robots such that time spent in each area…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Henry Berger , Ian Abraham
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