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Humans excel at performing complex tasks by leveraging long-term memory across temporal and spatial experiences. In contrast, current Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to effectively plan and act in dynamic, multi-room 3D environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Wenbo Hu , Yining Hong , Yanjun Wang , Leison Gao , Zibu Wei , Xingcheng Yao , Nanyun Peng , Yonatan Bitton , Idan Szpektor , Kai-Wei Chang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promise for robotic control, yet performance in complex household environments remains sub-optimal. Mobile manipulation requires reasoning about global scene layout, fine-grained geometry, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ruisen Tu , Arth Shukla , Sohyun Yoo , Xuanlin Li , Junxi Li , Jianwen Xie , Hao Su , Zhuowen Tu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful framework that unifies perception, language, and control, enabling robots to perform diverse tasks through multimodal understanding. However, current VLA models typically…

Zero-shot object navigation requires agents to locate unseen target objects in unfamiliar environments without prior maps or task-specific training which remains a significant challenge. Although recent advancements in vision-language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Feng Wu , Wei Zuo , Wenliang Yang , Jun Xiao , Yang Liu , Xinhua Zeng

To operate effectively in the real world, robots should integrate multimodal reasoning with precise action generation. However, existing vision-language-action (VLA) models often sacrifice one for the other, narrow their abilities to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Shuai Yang , Hao Li , Bin Wang , Yilun Chen , Yang Tian , Tai Wang , Hanqing Wang , Feng Zhao , Yiyi Liao , Jiangmiao Pang

This paper focuses on embodied task planning, where an agent acquires visual observations from the environment and executes atomic actions to accomplish a given task. Although recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Peiran Xu , Jiaqi Zheng , Yadong Mu

Robust robotic manipulation requires not only predicting how the scene evolves over time, but also recognizing task-relevant objects in complex scenes. However, existing VLA models face two limitations. They typically act only on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kuanning Wang , Ke Fan , Chenhao Qiu , Zeyu Shangguan , Yuqian Fu , Yanwei Fu , Daniel Seita , Xiangyang Xue

In order to flexibly act in an everyday environment, a robotic agent needs a variety of cognitive capabilities that enable it to reason about plans and perform execution recovery. Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to demonstrate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Shinas Shaji , Fabian Huppertz , Alex Mitrevski , Sebastian Houben

Hierarchical Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have rapidly become a dominant paradigm for robotic manipulation. It typically comprising a Vision-Language backbone for perception and understanding, together with a generative policy for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zaijing Li , Bing Hu , Rui Shao , Gongwei Chen , Dongmei Jiang , Pengwei Xie , Jianye Hao , Liqiang Nie

Embodied agents are expected to operate persistently in dynamic physical environments, continuously acquiring new capabilities over time. Existing approaches to improving agent performance often rely on modifying the agent itself -- through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xue Qin , Simin Luan , John See , Cong Yang , Zhijun Li

Recent advances in vision, language, and multimodal learning have substantially accelerated progress in robotic foundation models, with robot manipulation remaining a central and challenging problem. This survey examines robot manipulation…

A key objective of embodied intelligence is enabling agents to perform long-horizon tasks in dynamic environments while maintaining robust decision-making and adaptability. To achieve this goal, we propose the Spatio-Temporal Memory Agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Yiming Zhao , Ge Wang , Zhixin Mai , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

While significant research has focused on developing embodied reasoning capabilities using Vision-Language Models (VLMs) or integrating advanced VLMs into Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for end-to-end robot control, few studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Ganlin Yang , Tianyi Zhang , Haoran Hao , Weiyun Wang , Yibin Liu , Dehui Wang , Guanzhou Chen , Zijian Cai , Junting Chen , Weijie Su , Wengang Zhou , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai , Jiangmiao Pang , Gen Luo , Wenhai Wang , Yao Mu , Zhi Hou

Latent action models (LAMs) offer a promising path to pre-training embodied agents on large amounts of action-free video. They infer latent actions between consecutive observations that can later be decoded to ground-truth actions using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Marcus Fechner , Hamza Adnan , Constantin C. Lüth , Matthew T. Jackson , Alexey Zakharov , J. Marius Zöllner

Despite the ubiquity of large language models (LLMs) in AI research, the question of embodiment in LLMs remains underexplored, distinguishing them from embodied systems in robotics where sensory perception directly informs physical action.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Philipp Wicke , Lennart Wachowiak

The advent of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models represents a significant leap for embodied intelligence, yet their immense computational demands critically hinder deployment on resource-constrained robotic platforms. Intuitively, low-bit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yuhao Xu , Yantai Yang , Zhenyang Fan , Yufan Liu , Yuming Li , Bing Li , Zhipeng Zhang

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced video understanding, they remain highly prone to hallucinations in dynamic scenes. We argue this stems from a failure in spatio-temporal monitoring, the ability to persistently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tri Cao , Khoi Le , Thong Nguyen , Cong-Duy Nguyen , Quynh Vo , Anh Tuan Luu , Chunyan Miao , See-Kiong Ng , Shuicheng Yan , Bryan Hooi

Vision-and-language navigation (VLN), a frontier study aiming to pave the way for general-purpose robots, has been a hot topic in the computer vision and natural language processing community. The VLN task requires an agent to navigate to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Yifeng Zhuang , Qiang Sun , Yanwei Fu , Lifeng Chen , Xiangyang Xue

Embodied learning for object-centric robotic manipulation is a rapidly developing and challenging area in embodied AI. It is crucial for advancing next-generation intelligent robots and has garnered significant interest recently. Unlike…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Ying Zheng , Lei Yao , Yuejiao Su , Yi Zhang , Yi Wang , Sicheng Zhao , Yiyi Zhang , Lap-Pui Chau

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a new paradigm for embodied reasoning and control, most recently by generating robot policy code that utilizes a custom library of vision and control primitive skills. However, prior arts fix…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei