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Short-term precipitation nowcasting is an inherently uncertain and under-constrained spatiotemporal forecasting problem, especially for rapidly evolving and extreme weather events. Existing generative approaches rely primarily on visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xudong Ling , Chaorong Li , Tianxi Huang , Qian Dong , Guiduo Duan

Accurate short-term warnings for extreme precipitation are critical for global disaster mitigation but are hindered by a persistent predictability barrier at the 2-6 hour horizon -- the "nowcasting gray zone." In this window, traditional…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Haofei Sun , Yunfan Yang , Wei Han , Wei Huang , Huaguan Chen , Zhiqiu Gao , Zeting Li , Zhaoyang Huo , Zeyi Niu

Machine learning and deep learning methods have been widely explored in understanding the chaotic behavior of the atmosphere and furthering weather forecasting. There has been increasing interest from technology companies, government…

Precipitation nowcasting, critical for flood emergency and river management, has remained challenging for decades, although recent developments in deep generative modeling (DGM) suggest the possibility of improvements. River management…

Designing early warning systems for harsh weather and its effects, such as urban flooding or landslides, requires accurate short-term forecasts (nowcasts) of precipitation. Nowcasting is a significant task with several environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Christos Kaparakis , Siamak Mehrkanoon

The goal of precipitation nowcasting is to predict the future rainfall intensity in a local region over a relatively short period of time. Very few previous studies have examined this crucial and challenging weather forecasting problem from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-22 Xingjian Shi , Zhourong Chen , Hao Wang , Dit-Yan Yeung , Wai-kin Wong , Wang-chun Woo

High-resolution nowcasting is an essential tool needed for effective adaptation to climate change, particularly for extreme weather. As Deep Learning (DL) techniques have shown dramatic promise in many domains, including the geosciences, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Shreya Agrawal , Luke Barrington , Carla Bromberg , John Burge , Cenk Gazen , Jason Hickey

Precipitation nowcasting, which aims to precisely predict the short-term rainfall intensity of a local region, is gaining increasing attention in the artificial intelligence community. Existing deep learning-based algorithms use a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yuan Cao , Qiuying Li , Hongming Shan , Zhizhong Huang , Lei Chen , Leiming Ma , Junping Zhang

Precipitation nowcasting is critical for disaster mitigation and aviation safety. However, radar-only models frequently suffer from a lack of large-scale atmospheric context, leading to performance degradation at longer lead times. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuze Qin , Qingyong Li , Zhiqing Guo , Wen Wang , Yan Liu , Yangli-ao Geng

Accurate renewable energy forecasting is essential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and enabling grid decarbonization. However, current approaches fail to effectively integrate the rich spatial context of weather patterns with their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Federico Battini

Severe convective storms are among the most dangerous weather phenomena and accurate forecasts mitigate their impacts. The recently released suite of AI-based weather models produces medium-range forecasts within seconds, with a skill…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Monika Feldmann , Tom Beucler , Milton Gomez , Olivia Martius

Precipitation nowcasting is an important spatio-temporal prediction task to predict the radar echoes sequences based on current observations, which can serve both meteorological science and smart city applications. Due to the chaotic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Demin Yu , Xutao Li , Yunming Ye , Baoquan Zhang , Chuyao Luo , Kuai Dai , Rui Wang , Xunlai Chen

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models that integrate coupled physical equations forward in time are the traditional tools for simulating atmospheric processes and forecasting weather. With recent advancements in deep learning, AI-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Milton Gomez , Louis Poulain--Auzeau , Alexis Berne , Tom Beucler

Deep learning has significantly improved the accuracy of precipitation nowcasting. However, most existing multimodal models typically use simple channel concatenation or interpolation methods for data fusion, which often overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Henan Wang , Shengwu Xiong , Yifang Zhang , Wenjie Yin , Chen Zhou , Yuqiang Zhang , Pengfei Duan

Accurate and robust weather forecasting remains a fundamental challenge due to the inherent spatio-temporal complexity of atmospheric systems. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning framework that leverages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yao Liu

Multivariate time series forecasting focuses on predicting future values based on historical context. State-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence models rely on neural attention between timesteps, which allows for temporal learning but fails to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Jake Grigsby , Zhe Wang , Nam Nguyen , Yanjun Qi

Time series forecasting at scale presents significant challenges for modern prediction systems, particularly when dealing with large sets of synchronized series, such as in a global payment network. In such systems, three key challenges…

Accurate marine wind forecasts are essential for safe navigation, ship routing, and energy operations, yet they remain challenging because observations over the ocean are sparse, heterogeneous, and temporally variable. We reformulate wind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Matteo Peduto , Qidong Yang , Jonathan Giezendanner , Devis Tuia , Sherrie Wang

Cloud cover plays a critical role in weather prediction and impacts several sectors, including agriculture, solar power generation, and aviation. Despite advancements in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, forecasting total cloud…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Mikko Partio , Leila Hieta , Anniina Kokkonen

Accurate precipitation estimation is critical for flood forecasting, water resource management, and disaster preparedness. Satellite products provide global hourly coverage but contain systematic biases; ground-based gauges are accurate at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shunya Nagashima , Takumi Bannai , Shuitsu Koyama , Tomoya Mitsui , Shuntaro Suzuki