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Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) excel at semantic and paralinguistic tasks, yet their ability to perceive the fundamental physical attributes of audio such as pitch, loudness, and spatial location remains under-explored. To bridge this…

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have emerged as powerful tools for speech-related tasks but remain underexplored for fine-tuning, especially with limited speech data. To bridge this gap, we systematically examine how different…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Youngwon Choi , Jaeyoon Jung , Hyeonyu Kim , Huu-Kim Nguyen , Hwayeon Kim

As multimodal content continues to expand at a rapid pace, audio retrieval has emerged as a key enabling technology for media search, content organization, and intelligent assistants. However, most existing benchmarks concentrate on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Honglei Zhang , Yuting Chen , Chenpeng Hu , Siyue Zhang , Yilei Shi

Fine-grained spatio-temporal understanding is essential for video reasoning and embodied AI. Yet, while Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) master static semantics, their grasp of temporal dynamics remains brittle. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Baiqi Li , Kangyi Zhao , Ce Zhang , Chancharik Mitra , Jean de Dieu Nyandwi , Gedas Bertasius

Large diffusion models have been successful in text-to-audio (T2A) synthesis tasks, but they often suffer from common issues such as semantic misalignment and poor temporal consistency due to limited natural language understanding and data…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional versatility in natural language processing, prompting recent efforts to extend their multimodal capabilities to speech processing through the development of audio large language models…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Ting Dang , Yan Gao , Hong Jia

Recent Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated promising abilities in understanding musical content. However, whether their responses are grounded in the correct temporal regions of the audio remains underexplored. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Daeyong Kwon , Qiyu Wu , Shinobu Kuriya , Junghyun Koo , Shuyang Cui , Zhi Zhong , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Although Audio Large Language Models (ALLMs) have witnessed substantial advancements, their long audio understanding capabilities remain unexplored. A plethora of benchmarks have been proposed for general audio tasks, they predominantly…

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have shown strong performance in speech understanding, making speech a natural interface for accessing factual information. Yet they are trained on static corpora and may encode incorrect facts. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sung Kyun Chung , Jiaheng Dong , Qiuchi Hu , Gongping Huang , Hong Jia , Ting Dang

Reasoning has become a defining capability of modern foundation models, yet its development in the audio modality remains limited. Audio poses challenges that are distinct from those of text and vision. It is continuous, temporally dense,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Zhihan Guo , Wenqian Cui , Guan-Ting Lin , Daxin Tan , Jingyao Li , Qiyong Zheng , Dingdong Wang , Jing Xiong , Han Shi , Jiaya Jia , Irwin King

Advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled significant capabilities in audio processing, resulting in state-of-the-art models now known as Large Audio Language Models (LALMs). However, minimal work has been done to measure audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Laya Iyer , Angelina Wang , Sanmi Koyejo

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs), such as GPT-4o, have recently unlocked audio dialogue capabilities, enabling direct spoken exchanges with humans. The potential of LALMs broadens their applicability across a wide range of practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kuofeng Gao , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Audio Large Language Models (AudioLLMs) have received widespread attention and have significantly improved performance on audio tasks such as conversation, audio understanding, and automatic speech recognition (ASR). Despite these…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yupeng Cao , Haohang Li , Yangyang Yu , Shashidhar Reddy Javaji , Yueru He , Jimin Huang , Qianqian Xie , Fabrizio Dimino , Xiao-yang Liu , K. P. Subbalakshmi , Meikang Qiu , Sophia Ananiadou , Jian-Yun Nie

Audio agents extend large audio-language models (LALMs) by decomposing audio questions into tool calls, intermediate evidence, and iterative reasoning steps. However, as LALMs become stronger, the key challenge shifts from enabling tool use…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-28 Yucheng Wang , Jing Peng , Hanqi Li , Chenghao Wang , Wenming Tu , Yu Xi , Zhaokai Sun , Kai Yu , Shuai Wang

Large Audio Language Models (LALM) combine the audio perception models and the Large Language Models (LLM) and show a remarkable ability to reason about the input audio, infer the meaning, and understand the intent. However, these systems…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Saurabhchand Bhati , Yuan Gong , Leonid Karlinsky , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

Rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced multimodal large language models (LMMs), particularly in vision-language tasks. However, existing video-language models often overlook precise temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Shimin Chen , Xiaohan Lan , Yitian Yuan , Zequn Jie , Lin Ma

How does textual representation of audio relate to the Large Language Model's (LLMs) learning about the audio world? This research investigates the extent to which LLMs can be prompted to generate audio, despite their primary training in…

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have recently shown impressive progress in speech recognition, audio captioning, and auditory question answering. Yet, whether these models can perceive spatial dynamics, particularly the motion of sound…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhe Sun , Yujun Cai , Jiayu Yao , Yiwei Wang

Large audio language models (LALMs) leverage multimodal representations to generate open-ended answers to natural language queries about audio. In this paper, we (1) provide empirical evidence that assessment of LALMs using the popular…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Daniel Chenyu Lin , Michael Freeman , John Thickstun

Large Audio-Language Models (ALMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in holistic audio understanding, yet they remain unreliable for temporal grounding, i.e., the task of pinpointing exactly when an event occurs within…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Luoyi Sun , Xiao Zhou , Zeqian Li , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie