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Federated learning (FL) is a popular distributed learning framework that can reduce privacy risks by not explicitly sharing private data. However, recent works demonstrated that sharing model updates makes FL vulnerable to inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Jingwei Sun , Ang Li , Binghui Wang , Huanrui Yang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

What is the information leakage of an iterative randomized learning algorithm about its training data, when the internal state of the algorithm is \emph{private}? How much is the contribution of each specific training epoch to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-12 Rishav Chourasia , Jiayuan Ye , Reza Shokri

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning framework that enables multiple nodes to train models on their local data and periodically average weight updates to benefit from other nodes' training. Each node's goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ethan Wilson , Kai Yue , Chau-Wai Wong , Huaiyu Dai

The growing concern over data privacy, the benefits of utilizing data from diverse sources for model training, and the proliferation of networked devices with enhanced computational capabilities have all contributed to the rise of federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Rui Zhang , Ka-Ho Chow , Ping Li

We explore user-level gradient inversion as a new attack surface in distributed learning. We first investigate existing attacks on their ability to make inferences about private information beyond training data reconstruction. Motivated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zhuohang Li , Andrew Lowy , Jing Liu , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Bradley Malin , Kieran Parsons , Ye Wang

Federated learning of deep learning models for supervised tasks, e.g. image classification and segmentation, has found many applications: for example in human-in-the-loop tasks such as film post-production where it enables sharing of domain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-22 Cangxiong Chen , Neill D. F. Campbell

Recent works have brought attention to the vulnerability of Federated Learning (FL) systems to gradient leakage attacks. Such attacks exploit clients' uploaded gradients to reconstruct their sensitive data, thereby compromising the privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mingyuan Fan , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Xiaodan Li , Wenmeng Zhou

Inverting visual representations within deep neural networks (DNNs) presents a challenging and important problem in the field of security and privacy for deep learning. The main goal is to invert the features of an unidentified target image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Sai Qian Zhang , Ziyun Li , Chuan Guo , Saeed Mahloujifar , Deeksha Dangwal , Edward Suh , Barbara De Salvo , Chiao Liu

Federated learning (FL) allows the collaborative training of AI models without needing to share raw data. This capability makes it especially interesting for healthcare applications where patient and data privacy is of utmost concern.…

Federated learning is an established method for training machine learning models without sharing training data. However, recent work has shown that it cannot guarantee data privacy as shared gradients can still leak sensitive information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Mislav Balunović , Dimitar I. Dimitrov , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

Recent work has shown that gradient updates in federated learning (FL) can unintentionally reveal sensitive information about a client's local data. This risk becomes significantly greater when a malicious server manipulates the global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Fei Wang , Baochun Li

Federated Learning (FL) has become a cornerstone of privacy protection, shifting the paradigm towards localizing sensitive data while only sending model gradients to a central server. This strategy is designed to reinforce privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 H. Yi , H. Ren , C. Hu , Y. Li , J. Deng , X. Xie

Gradient inversion attacks are an ubiquitous threat in federated learning as they exploit gradient leakage to reconstruct supposedly private training data. Recent work has proposed to prevent gradient leakage without loss of model utility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

Although federated learning has increasingly gained attention in terms of effectively utilizing local devices for data privacy enhancement, recent studies show that publicly shared gradients in the training process can reveal the private…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Jieren Deng , Yijue Wang , Ji Li , Chao Shang , Hang Liu , Sanguthevar Rajasekaran , Caiwen Ding

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach for collaborative model training without sharing private data. However, privacy concerns regarding information exchanged during FL have received significant research attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Bowen Li , Hanlin Gu , Ruoxin Chen , Jie Li , Chentao Wu , Na Ruan , Xueming Si , Lixin Fan

This paper studies model-inversion attacks, in which the access to a model is abused to infer information about the training data. Since its first introduction, such attacks have raised serious concerns given that training data usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Yuheng Zhang , Ruoxi Jia , Hengzhi Pei , Wenxiao Wang , Bo Li , Dawn Song

Exchanging gradients is a widely used method in modern multi-node machine learning system (e.g., distributed training, collaborative learning). For a long time, people believed that gradients are safe to share: i.e., the training data will…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Ligeng Zhu , Zhijian Liu , Song Han

Diffusion models have demonstrated empirical successes in various applications and can be adapted to task-specific needs via guidance. This paper studies a form of gradient guidance for adapting a pre-trained diffusion model towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-17 Yingqing Guo , Hui Yuan , Yukang Yang , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while preserving data privacy by keeping raw data locally stored on client devices, preventing access from other clients or the central server. However, recent studies reveal that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Ren-Yi Huang , Dumindu Samaraweera , Prashant Shekhar , J. Morris Chang

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training of models across distributed clients without sharing local data, addressing privacy concerns in decentralized systems. However, the gradient-sharing process exposes private data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Mingcong Xu , Xiaojin Zhang , Wei Chen , Hai Jin