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This study investigates the impact of gradient compression on distributed training performance, focusing on sparsification and quantization techniques, including top-k, DGC, and QSGD. In baseline experiments, random-k compression results in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Shruti Singh , Shantanu Kumar

To alleviate hardware scarcity in training large deep neural networks (DNNs), particularly large language models (LLMs), we present FusionLLM, a decentralized training system designed and implemented for training DNNs using geo-distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zhenheng Tang , Xueze Kang , Yiming Yin , Xinglin Pan , Yuxin Wang , Xin He , Qiang Wang , Rongfei Zeng , Kaiyong Zhao , Shaohuai Shi , Amelie Chi Zhou , Bo Li , Bingsheng He , Xiaowen Chu

Large language models (LLMs) are both storage-intensive and computation-intensive, posing significant challenges when deployed on resource-constrained hardware. As linear layers in LLMs are mainly resource consuming parts, this paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Sixiao Huang , Tintin Wang , Ang Li , Ao Shen , Kai Li , Keyao Jiang , Mingqiang Huang , Hao Yu

In distributed training of deep neural networks, people usually run Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) or its variants on each machine and communicate with other machines periodically. However, SGD might converge slowly in training some deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Mingrui Liu , Zhenxun Zhuang , Yunwei Lei , Chunyang Liao

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely explored for embedding generation. While recent studies show that in-context learning (ICL) effectively enhances the representational capability of LLMs by prepending a few task-related…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ailiang Lin , Zhuoyun Li , Keyu Mao , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Training large language models (LLMs) poses challenges due to their massive scale and heterogeneous architectures. While adaptive optimizers like AdamW help address gradient variations, they still struggle with efficient and effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siyuan Li , Juanxi Tian , Zedong Wang , Xin Jin , Zicheng Liu , Wentao Zhang , Dan Xu

The demand for deploying large language models(LLMs) on mobile devices continues to increase, driven by escalating data security concerns and cloud costs. However, network bandwidth and memory limitations pose challenges for deploying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Songwei Liu , Chao Zeng , Lianqiang Li , Chenqian Yan , Lean Fu , Xing Mei , Fangmin Chen

Due to the explosion in the size of the training datasets, distributed learning has received growing interest in recent years. One of the major bottlenecks is the large communication cost between the central server and the local workers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Yujia Wang , Lu Lin , Jinghui Chen

Text generating capabilities have undergone a substantial transformation with the introduction of large language models (LLMs). Electroencephalography (EEG)-based text production is still difficult, though, because it requires a lot of data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Khushiyant

Communication compression techniques are of growing interests for solving the decentralized optimization problem under limited communication, where the global objective is to minimize the average of local cost functions over a multi-agent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Yiwei Liao , Zhuorui Li , Kun Huang , Shi Pu

Despite the widespread use of statistical prior models in various fields, such models for neural network gradients have long been overlooked. The inherent challenge stems from their high-dimensional structures and complex interdependencies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Hui-Po Wang , Mario Fritz

Modern distributed training relies heavily on communication compression to reduce the communication overhead. In this work, we study algorithms employing a popular class of contractive compressors in order to reduce communication overhead.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-13 Yuan Gao , Rustem Islamov , Sebastian Stich

Stochastic gradient-based descent (SGD), have long been central to training large language models (LLMs). However, their effectiveness is increasingly being questioned, particularly in large-scale applications where empirical evidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Di Zhang , Yihang Zhang

In this paper, we design two compressed decentralized algorithms for solving nonconvex stochastic optimization under two different scenarios. Both algorithms adopt a momentum technique to achieve fast convergence and a message-compression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wei Liu , Anweshit Panda , Ujwal Pandey , Christopher Brissette , Yikang Shen , George M. Slota , Naigang Wang , Jie Chen , Yangyang Xu

The explosive growth of multi-source multimedia data has significantly increased the demands for transmission and storage, placing substantial pressure on bandwidth and storage infrastructures. While Autoregressive Compression Models (ACMs)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Zeyi Lu , Xiaoxiao Ma , Yujun Huang , Minxiao Chen , Bin Chen , Baoyi An , Shu-Tao Xia

Large Language Models (LLMs) need to adapt to the continuous changes in data, tasks, and user preferences. Due to their massive size and the high costs associated with training, LLMs are not suitable for frequent retraining. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongfang Li , Zetian Sun , Xinshuo Hu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across tasks, but face storage and compute challenges on edge devices. We propose EntroLLM, a compression framework combining mixed quantization and entropy coding to reduce storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arnab Sanyal , Gourav Datta , Prithwish Mukherjee , Sandeep P. Chinchali , Michael Orshansky

We propose LQ-SGD (Low-Rank Quantized Stochastic Gradient Descent), an efficient communication gradient compression algorithm designed for distributed training. LQ-SGD further develops on the basis of PowerSGD by incorporating the low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hongyang Li , Lincen Bai , Caesar Wu , Mohammed Chadli , Said Mammar , Pascal Bouvry

Embedding parameterized optimization problems as layers into machine learning architectures serves as a powerful inductive bias. Training such architectures with stochastic gradient descent requires care, as degenerate derivatives of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Anselm Paulus , Georg Martius , Vít Musil

Distributed implementations of gradient-based methods, wherein a server distributes gradient computations across worker machines, need to overcome two limitations: delays caused by slow running machines called 'stragglers', and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Swanand Kadhe , O. Ozan Koyluoglu , Kannan Ramchandran