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We study a modified version of the Naming Game, a recently introduced model which describes how shared vocabulary can emerge spontaneously in a population without any central control. In particular, we introduce a new mechanism that allows…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Edgardo Brigatti

Indirect reciprocity is a mechanism that explains large-scale cooperation in human societies. In indirect reciprocity, an individual chooses whether or not to cooperate with another based on reputation information, and others evaluate the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-20 Yuma Fujimoto , Hisashi Ohtsuki

Understanding the emergence of cooperation in systems of computational agents is crucial for the development of effective cooperative AI. Interaction among individuals in real-world settings are often sparse and occur within a broad…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Nicole Orzan , Erman Acar , Davide Grossi , Roxana Rădulescu

Indirect reciprocity is a key explanation for the exceptional magnitude of cooperation among humans. This literature suggests that a large proportion of human cooperation is driven by social norms and individuals' incentives to maintain a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-11-25 Yohsuke Murase , Christian Hilbe

Reputation is not just a simple opinion that an individual has about another but a social construct that emerges through communication. Despite the huge importance in coordinating human behavior, such a communicative aspect has remained…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-10-15 Youngsuk Mun , Quang Anh Le , Seung Ki Baek

In dyadic models of indirect reciprocity, the receivers' history of giving has a significant impact on the donor's decision. When the interaction involves more than two agents things become more complicated, and in large groups cooperation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-04-21 Daniele Vilone , Francesca Giardini , Mario Paolucci

Previous research has shown how indirect reciprocity can promote cooperation through evolutionary game theoretic models. Most work in this field assumes a separation of time-scales: individuals' reputations equilibrate at a fast time scale…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-23 Bryce Morsky , Joshua B. Plotkin , Erol Akçay

Indirect reciprocity in which players cooperate with unacquainted other players having good reputations is a mechanism for cooperation in relatively large populations subjected to social dilemma situations. When the population has group…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-07-30 Naoki Masuda

The environment undergoes perpetual changes that are influenced by a combination of endogenous and exogenous factors. Consequently, it exerts a substantial influence on an individual's physical and psychological state, directly or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-11 Yuji Zhang , Minyu Feng , Jürgen Kurths , Attila Szolnoki

Despite recent advances in reputation technologies, it is not clear how reputation systems can affect human cooperation in social networks. Although it is known that two of the major mechanisms in the evolution of cooperation are spatial…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-24 Tatsuya Sasaki , Hitoshi Yamamoto , Isamu Okada , Satoshi Uchida

Reputation serves as a powerful mechanism for promoting cooperation in multi-agent systems, as agents are more inclined to cooperate with those of good social standing. While existing multi-agent reinforcement learning methods typically…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Tianyu Ren , Xuan Yao , Yang Li , Xiao-Jun Zeng

Cooperation underlies many natural and artificial systems. While voluntary participation can sustain cooperation without informational assumptions, real interactions are rarely anonymous, leaving the joint effects of participation and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-27 Chen Shen , Zhao Song , Xinyu Wang , Lei Shi , Matjaž Perc , Zhen Wang , Jun Tanimoto

"Personal responsibility", one of the basic principles of modern law, requires one to be responsible for what he did. However, personal responsibility is far from the only norm ruling human interactions, especially in social and economic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-09-15 Guocheng Wang , Qi Su , Long Wang

Cooperation in groups underpins collective responses to challenges from climate governance to public goods provision, yet how moral evaluation sustains it remains poorly understood. Indirect reciprocity -- cooperating to build a good…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-29 Ming Wei , Xin Wang , Junyu Lu , Longzhao Liu , Yishen Jiang , Hongwei Zheng , Shaoting Tang , Feng Fu

Altruistic cooperation is costly yet socially desirable. As a result, agents struggle to learn cooperative policies through independent reinforcement learning (RL). Indirect reciprocity, where agents consider their interaction partner's…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Martin Smit , Fernando P. Santos

Indirect reciprocity unveils how social cooperation is founded upon moral systems. Within the frame of dyadic games based on individual reputations, the "leading-eight" strategies distinguish themselves in promoting and sustaining…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-10-22 Ming Wei , Xin Wang , Longzhao Liu , Hongwei Zheng , Yishen Jiang , Yajing Hao , Zhiming Zheng , Feng Fu , Shaoting Tang

Many online marketplaces enjoy great success. Buyers and sellers in successful markets carry out cooperative transactions even if they do not know each other in advance and a moral hazard exists. An indispensable component that enables…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-09-11 Naoki Masuda , Mitsuhiro Nakamura

Indirect reciprocity is a mechanism that explains large-scale cooperation in humans. In indirect reciprocity, individuals use reputations to choose whether or not to cooperate with a partner and update others' reputations. A major question…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Yuma Fujimoto , Hisashi Ohtsuki

Social reputations facilitate cooperation: those who help others gain a good reputation, making them more likely to receive help themselves. But when people hold private views of one another, this cycle of indirect reciprocity breaks down,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-12-19 Mari Kawakatsu , Taylor A. Kessinger , Joshua B. Plotkin

How evolution favors cooperation is a fundamental issue in social and economic systems. In the business world, actively selecting a suitable project is usually helpful for a businessman to be in an advantageous position. By incorporating…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-02-19 Li-Xin Zhong , Wen-Juan Xu , Rong-Da Chen , Yun-Xin He , Tian Qiu , Fei Ren , Yong-Dong Shi , Chen-Yang Zhong