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As is expressed in the adage "a picture is worth a thousand words", when using spoken language to communicate visual information, brevity can be a challenge. This work describes a novel technique for leveraging machine-learned feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-27 Andrew Port , Chelhwon Kim , Mitesh Patel

Speech tokenization is crucial in digital speech processing, converting continuous speech signals into discrete units for various computational tasks. This paper introduces a novel speech tokenizer with broad applicability across downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Wonjin Jung , Sungil Kang , Dong-Yeon Cho

Discrete audio tokens are compact representations that aim to preserve perceptual quality, phonetic content, and speaker characteristics while enabling efficient storage and inference, as well as competitive performance across diverse…

Discrete audio representations are gaining traction in speech modeling due to their interpretability and compatibility with large language models, but are not always optimized for noisy or real-world environments. Building on existing works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Shreyas Gopal , Ashutosh Anshul , Haoyang Li , Yue Heng Yeo , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Outbound AI calling systems must distinguish voicemail greetings from live human answers in real time to avoid wasted agent interactions and dropped calls. We present a lightweight approach that extracts 15 temporal features from the speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kumar Saurav

In this paper, a neural network named Sequence-to-sequence ConvErsion NeTwork (SCENT) is presented for acoustic modeling in voice conversion. At training stage, a SCENT model is estimated by aligning the feature sequences of source and…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Jing-Xuan Zhang , Zhen-Hua Ling , Li-Juan Liu , Yuan Jiang , Li-Rong Dai

The objective of this paper is speaker recognition "in the wild"-where utterances may be of variable length and also contain irrelevant signals. Crucial elements in the design of deep networks for this task are the type of trunk (frame…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-21 Weidi Xie , Arsha Nagrani , Joon Son Chung , Andrew Zisserman

Embedding audio signal segments into vectors with fixed dimensionality is attractive because all following processing will be easier and more efficient, for example modeling, classifying or indexing. Audio Word2Vec previously proposed was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Sung-Feng Huang , Yi-Chen Chen , Hung-yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

This paper investigates the application of environmental feature representations for room verification tasks and acoustic meta-data estimation. Audio recordings contain both speaker and non-speaker information. We refer to the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Desmond Caulley

With the popularity of virtual assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa), the use of speech recognition is now becoming more and more widespread.However, speech signals contain a lot of sensitive information, such as the speaker's identity, which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-21 Pierre Champion , Denis Jouvet , Anthony Larcher

Similar to humans, animals make extensive use of verbal and non-verbal forms of communication, including a large range of audio signals. In this paper, we address dog vocalizations and explore the use of self-supervised speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Artem Abzaliev , Humberto Pérez Espinosa , Rada Mihalcea

Syllables are compositional units of spoken language that efficiently structure human speech perception and production. However, current neural speech representations lack such structure, resulting in dense token sequences that are costly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Cheol Jun Cho , Nicholas Lee , Akshat Gupta , Dhruv Agarwal , Ethan Chen , Alan W Black , Gopala K. Anumanchipalli

We present a transformer-based architecture for voice separation of a target speaker from multiple other speakers and ambient noise. We achieve this by using two separate neural networks: (A) An enrolment network designed to craft…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Akam Rahimi , Triantafyllos Afouras , Andrew Zisserman

Sign language datasets are often not representative in terms of vocabulary, underscoring the need for models that generalize to unseen signs. Vector quantization is a promising approach for learning discrete, token-like representations, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Lee Kezar , Zed Sehyr , Jesse Thomason

While there has been substantial amount of work in speaker diarization recently, there are few efforts in jointly employing lexical and acoustic information for speaker segmentation. Towards that, we investigate a speaker diarization system…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-29 Tae Jin Park , Panayiotis Georgiou

Recently, hyperspherical embeddings have established themselves as a dominant technique for face and voice recognition. Specifically, Euclidean space vector embeddings are learned to encode person-specific information in their direction…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Nikita Kuzmin , Igor Fedorov , Alexey Sholokhov

State-of-the-art text-independent speaker verification systems typically use cepstral features or filter bank energies as speech features. Recent studies attempted to extract speaker embeddings directly from raw waveforms and have shown…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-10 Ge Zhu , Fei Jiang , Zhiyao Duan

Speaker embeddings (x-vectors) extracted from very short segments of speech have recently been shown to give competitive performance in speaker diarization. We generalize this recipe by extracting from each speech segment, in parallel with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-09 Anna Silnova , Niko Brümmer , Johan Rohdin , Themos Stafylakis , Lukáš Burget

Unsupervised structure learning in high-dimensional time series data has attracted a lot of research interests. For example, segmenting and labelling high dimensional time series can be helpful in behavior understanding and medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Hao Liu , Haoli Bai , Lirong He , Zenglin Xu

Relationships in scientific data, such as the numerical and spatial distribution relations of features in univariate data, the scalar-value combinations' relations in multivariate data, and the association of volumes in time-varying and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Xiangyang He , Yubo Tao , Shuoliu Yang , Haoran Dai , Hai Lin